1-50 Flashcards

(50 cards)

1
Q

Is a study of crimes, criminal victims and criminal behavior

A

Criminology

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2
Q

A desicion by a judge or magistrate that a person is a guilty of a crime

A

Conviction

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3
Q

An order commanding an accused to appear in court

A

Criminal summons

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4
Q

Forcibly taking someone against their will

A

Abduction

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5
Q

Any happening beyond control of persons, consequences of which qre not foreseeable

A

Accident

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6
Q

Person who charged of an offense in court and facing trial

A

Accused

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7
Q

An acknowledgement of facts

A

Admission

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8
Q

Those who commit criminal acts as a result of unanticipated circumstances

A

Accidental criminal

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9
Q

When the offender acquires something as a consequence of his criminal acts

A

Acquisitive crime

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10
Q

Mother of criminals

A

Ada juke

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11
Q

Crimes committed by those persons belonging to the upper socio-economic status or in the course of his occupational activities

A

White collar crimes

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12
Q

Are those crimes committed by ordinary criminals as a means of livehood

A

Blue collar crimes

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13
Q

Is a person who committed crime as a result of reacting to a situation or during a moment of anger or burst of feeling

A

Acute criminal

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14
Q

Is one who committed a crime with intent or deliberated thinking

A

Chronic criminal

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15
Q

Is one who has mental disorder

A

Neurotic criminal

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16
Q

A person who commits crimes because he looks up to, idolizes people who are criminal

A

Normal criminal

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17
Q

A criminal who engages in crimes which do not require specialized or technical skills

A

Ordinary criminal

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18
Q

Is one possesses some skills and know how which enable him to commit crimes and evade detection

A

Organized criminal

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19
Q

A highly skilled criminals which are engaged in a large scale criminal activities and usually operate in groups

A

Professional criminal

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20
Q

A person who got involved in criminal act because the situation presented itself

A

Situational criminal

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21
Q

A person who repeatedly commits criminal act for different reasons

A

Habitual criminal

22
Q

A person who accidentally violated the law due to some circumstances

A

Accidental criminal

23
Q

Is that branch of public law which defines crime threats of their nature and provides for their punishment

24
Q

Is a bread of marital trust and fidelity, involving a married person engaging in a romantic or sexual relationship with someone other than their spouse

25
An individual who commits series of similar crimes over q period of time, often with a distinctive modus operation
Serial offender
26
A program that brings together crimesl victims to share their experiences with offenders as a form of restorative justice
Victim impact panel
27
Legal responsibility for committing a crime, which can vary depending on factors like intent, age, qnd mental capacity
Criminal liability
28
A law enforcement strategy that emphasizes collaboration between police and community to prevent crime and build trust
Community policing
29
A belief that a group or organization is secretly conspiring to commit unlawful acts or control society, often without credible evidence
Conspiring theory
30
A form of criminal sentencing that allows offenders to serve their sentences in the community under supervision rather than in prison
Probation
31
Measures and practices to protect computer system, networks and data from digital threats and cybercrimes
Cyber security
32
The study of how societal responses to denant behavior such as labeling and stigmatization, can influence an individual's subsequent actions.
Societal reaction theory
33
Illegal acquired financial gains obtained through criminal activities, often subject to asset forfeiture laws
Criminal profits
34
A criminal organization involved in the production, trafficking, and distribution of illegal drugs, often operating across borders
Drug cartel
35
An assault that involves the use of deadly weapon or the intent to cause serious bodily harm, typically considered a felony
Felonious assault
36
The legal process of clearing an individual of a criminal conviction, often due to new evidence or wrongful conviction
Exoneration
37
The study of how the physical and social environment can influence criminal behavior patterns
Environmental criminology
38
The act of jury deliberately disregarding the law and acquitting a defendant despite evidence of guilt
Jury nullification
39
A legal process that allows individuals to have certain past criminal a conviction erased or sealed from public view
Criminal record expungement
40
A community-based initiative where resident work together to monitor and report suspicious activity to prevent crime
Neighborhood watch program
41
A professional who provides support and information to crime victims and witnesses throughout the criminal justice process
Victim-witness advocate
42
The evaluation of threats made by individuals to determine their credibility and potential for harm
Criminal threat assessment
43
Regulations and policies aimed at restricting the purchase, possession, and use of firearms to reduce gun-related crimes
Gun control laws
44
The process of creating psychological and behavioral profile of a criminal based on evidence from scenes and patterns
Offender profiling
45
A legal philosophy that emphasizes the importance of written laws and legal institutions in defining and enforcing criminal behavior
Legal positivism
46
The process by which individuals in long term confinement, such as prisons, adapt to the routine and norms of the institution
Institutionalization
47
An arrangement between jurisdictions allowing the recognition and enforcement of each others legal decisions, often related to extradition
Reciprocity agreement
48
The systematic process of recreating and analyzing the sequence of events that occured during criminal incident
Crime scene reconstraction
49
An individual who has had their freedom and movement restricted or curtailed by legal or administrative authorities
Person deprived of liberty (PDC)
50
Individuals who have been arrested, detained, or incarcerated as a result of their involvement in alleged criminal activities are considered persons deprived of liberty. This can include individuals held in pretrial detention, awaiting trial, serving a sentence in prison.
Criminal justice system (CJS)