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Jargon > 1-50 > Flashcards

1-50 Flashcards

1
Q

Is a study of crimes, criminal victims and criminal behavior

A

Criminology

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2
Q

A desicion by a judge or magistrate that a person is a guilty of a crime

A

Conviction

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3
Q

An order commanding an accused to appear in court

A

Criminal summons

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4
Q

Forcibly taking someone against their will

A

Abduction

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5
Q

Any happening beyond control of persons, consequences of which qre not foreseeable

A

Accident

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6
Q

Person who charged of an offense in court and facing trial

A

Accused

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7
Q

An acknowledgement of facts

A

Admission

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8
Q

Those who commit criminal acts as a result of unanticipated circumstances

A

Accidental criminal

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9
Q

When the offender acquires something as a consequence of his criminal acts

A

Acquisitive crime

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10
Q

Mother of criminals

A

Ada juke

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11
Q

Crimes committed by those persons belonging to the upper socio-economic status or in the course of his occupational activities

A

White collar crimes

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12
Q

Are those crimes committed by ordinary criminals as a means of livehood

A

Blue collar crimes

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13
Q

Is a person who committed crime as a result of reacting to a situation or during a moment of anger or burst of feeling

A

Acute criminal

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14
Q

Is one who committed a crime with intent or deliberated thinking

A

Chronic criminal

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15
Q

Is one who has mental disorder

A

Neurotic criminal

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16
Q

A person who commits crimes because he looks up to, idolizes people who are criminal

A

Normal criminal

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17
Q

A criminal who engages in crimes which do not require specialized or technical skills

A

Ordinary criminal

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18
Q

Is one possesses some skills and know how which enable him to commit crimes and evade detection

A

Organized criminal

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19
Q

A highly skilled criminals which are engaged in a large scale criminal activities and usually operate in groups

A

Professional criminal

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20
Q

A person who got involved in criminal act because the situation presented itself

A

Situational criminal

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21
Q

A person who repeatedly commits criminal act for different reasons

A

Habitual criminal

22
Q

A person who accidentally violated the law due to some circumstances

A

Accidental criminal

23
Q

Is that branch of public law which defines crime threats of their nature and provides for their punishment

A

Criminal law

24
Q

Is a bread of marital trust and fidelity, involving a married person engaging in a romantic or sexual relationship with someone other than their spouse

A

Adultery

25
Q

An individual who commits series of similar crimes over q period of time, often with a distinctive modus operation

A

Serial offender

26
Q

A program that brings together crimesl victims to share their experiences with offenders as a form of restorative justice

A

Victim impact panel

27
Q

Legal responsibility for committing a crime, which can vary depending on factors like intent, age, qnd mental capacity

A

Criminal liability

28
Q

A law enforcement strategy that emphasizes collaboration between police and community to prevent crime and build trust

A

Community policing

29
Q

A belief that a group or organization is secretly conspiring to commit unlawful acts or control society, often without credible evidence

A

Conspiring theory

30
Q

A form of criminal sentencing that allows offenders to serve their sentences in the community under supervision rather than in prison

A

Probation

31
Q

Measures and practices to protect computer system, networks and data from digital threats and cybercrimes

A

Cyber security

32
Q

The study of how societal responses to denant behavior such as labeling and stigmatization, can influence an individual’s subsequent actions.

A

Societal reaction theory

33
Q

Illegal acquired financial gains obtained through criminal activities, often subject to asset forfeiture laws

A

Criminal profits

34
Q

A criminal organization involved in the production, trafficking, and distribution of illegal drugs, often operating across borders

A

Drug cartel

35
Q

An assault that involves the use of deadly weapon or the intent to cause serious bodily harm, typically considered a felony

A

Felonious assault

36
Q

The legal process of clearing an individual of a criminal conviction, often due to new evidence or wrongful conviction

A

Exoneration

37
Q

The study of how the physical and social environment can influence criminal behavior patterns

A

Environmental criminology

38
Q

The act of jury deliberately disregarding the law and acquitting a defendant despite evidence of guilt

A

Jury nullification

39
Q

A legal process that allows individuals to have certain past criminal a conviction erased or sealed from public view

A

Criminal record expungement

40
Q

A community-based initiative where resident work together to monitor and report suspicious activity to prevent crime

A

Neighborhood watch program

41
Q

A professional who provides support and information to crime victims and witnesses throughout the criminal justice process

A

Victim-witness advocate

42
Q

The evaluation of threats made by individuals to determine their credibility and potential for harm

A

Criminal threat assessment

43
Q

Regulations and policies aimed at restricting the purchase, possession, and use of firearms to reduce gun-related crimes

A

Gun control laws

44
Q

The process of creating psychological and behavioral profile of a criminal based on evidence from scenes and patterns

A

Offender profiling

45
Q

A legal philosophy that emphasizes the importance of written laws and legal institutions in defining and enforcing criminal behavior

A

Legal positivism

46
Q

The process by which individuals in long term confinement, such as prisons, adapt to the routine and norms of the institution

A

Institutionalization

47
Q

An arrangement between jurisdictions allowing the recognition and enforcement of each others legal decisions, often related to extradition

A

Reciprocity agreement

48
Q

The systematic process of recreating and analyzing the sequence of events that occured during criminal incident

A

Crime scene reconstraction

49
Q

An individual who has had their freedom and movement restricted or curtailed by legal or administrative authorities

A

Person deprived of liberty (PDC)

50
Q

Individuals who have been arrested, detained, or incarcerated as a result of their involvement in alleged criminal activities are considered persons deprived of liberty. This can include individuals held in pretrial detention, awaiting trial, serving a sentence in prison.

A

Criminal justice system (CJS)

Jargon (5 decks)

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