1-50

Question 1

Joint-stock company of Puritans escaping King James I, led by John Winthrop; never underwent “starving time” thanks to careful organization

Answer 1

Massachusetts Bay Company

Question 2

Conflict based in struggle between King Charles I and English Parliament; lead to outright conflict between Royalistic military forces and forces opposing Charles I

Answer 2

English Civil War

Question 3

Certain good shipped from a New World port were to go only to Britain or to another New World port; increased tensions between colonies and Britain; example of mercantilism

Answer 3

Navigation Acts

Question 4

Were Puritans who believed the Church of England was beyond saving and must separate from it; traveled on the Mayflower in 1620, became known as the Pilgrims

Answer 4

Separatists of Plymouth

Question 5

Wealthy and socially prominent families in Virginia; includes Lees, Carters, Fitzhughs

Answer 5

First Families of Virginia

Question 6

Prevailing economic philosophy of the 1600s that held that colonies exist to serve the mother country; founded on belief that world’s wealth is limited and one nation’s gain was another nation’s loss; economic activity regulated by government

Answer 6

Mercantilism

Question 7

Europe merchants purchased African slaves with manufactured goods, then sold slaves to the Caribbean for commodities (sugar, cotton, tobacco); exchange of GOODS, not money

Answer 7

Triangular Trade (Atlantic Trade)

Question 8

Italian member of Portuguese expedition; explored South America; discovery suggested that the expedition had found a “New World”

Answer 8

Amerigo Vespucci

Question 9

All wool that was produced in the colonies could only be exported to Britain

Answer 9

Wool Act

Question 10

Puritan preacher fleeing Massachusetts after religious view becomes too extreme, bought this land from Indians and granted complete religious toleration

Answer 10

Roger Williams and Rhode Island

Question 11

Claimed to have had special revelations from God that superseded the Bible, contrary to the Puritan doctrine, in that she believed salvation is attained through faith and divine grace

Answer 11

Anne Hutchinson

Question 12

Effects of the First Great Awakening

Answer 12

America’s religious community divides between those rejecting and accepting the Great Awakening; more Christian denominations formed; helped build connections between people from different colonies

Question 13

Internal British struggle that lead to the replacement of Catholic King James II with his Protestant Daughter, Marr; inspired colonial uprisings in NY and Maryland against ruling governors

Answer 13

Glorious Revolution

Question 14

Nathaniel Bacon was angered by Governor William Berkeley’s inability to protect Virginia from attacks by Native Americans; after being arrested for raiding the natives, he set fire to Jamestown to defend his forces’ position

Answer 14

Bacon’s Rebellion

Question 15

Several young girls in Salem Village claimed to be tormented by the occult activities of certain neighbors

Answer 15

Salem Witch Trials

Question 16

Dutch patroons established the first settlement here; later settled by Dutch West India Company with Peter Minuit and then taken by English

Answer 16

Delaware

Question 17

Believed human religious institutions were unnecessary, direct revelation from God, and little importance of the bible; pacifists and favored decent treatment of Native Americans

Answer 17

Quakers

Question 18

Poor working, convicted criminals, and debtors receive immigration passage and fees in return for a number of years at labor on behalf of planter or company; volunteered, entered harsh conditions

Answer 18

Indenture system

Question 19

Protestant successor to Queen Mary; first woman to successfully hold the throne; brought on a war response from Spain to form Spanish Armada

Answer 19

Queen Elizabeth I

Question 20

Owned colonies with direct responsibility to the king; supposed to decrease practice of granting charters; not effective as settlers insisted on self government–the first proprietary colony

Answer 20

Proprietors, Maryland

Question 21

Selected Roanoke Island as a site for the first English settlement; after returning, found colony completely deserted

Answer 21

Sir Walter Raleigh

Question 22

Movement by those who wished to reform the Church of England; believed in predestination and Calvinist theology; sought to make Church of England “pure”

Answer 22

English Puritanism

Question 23

Connects the idea of Deism, the universe was created by God and then abandoned; no supernatural controls; less faith in God to solve problems

Answer 23

The Enlightenment

Question 24

A series of emotional religious revivals occurring throughout the colonies and prevalent in New England; George Whitfield and Jonathan Edwards proclaim message of personal repentance and faith to avoid Hell

Answer 24

First Great Awakening

Question 25

German American newspaper publisher and printer; acquittal of libel charges established a legal precedent for freedom of the press

Answer 25

John Peter Zenger

Question 26

Fleet assembled by King Philip II of Spain to invade England; defeated by British military; brought about decline of Spanish empire

Answer 26

Spanish Armada

Question 27

King Charles II established this as a Royal Colony; economically dependent on Massachusetts

Answer 27

New Hampshire

Question 28

Preacher of the Great Awakening who emphasized personal religious experience, and dependance of man upon God and divine grace; "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"

Answer 28

Jonathan Edwards

Question 29

Guaranteed religious freedom to all Christians in Maryland

Answer 29

Maryland Act of Toleration

Question 30

Effects of the Navigation Act

Answer 30

Boosted prosperity of New Englanders, hurts residents of Chesapeake; transferred wealth from America to Britain by increasing prices for British products in America and lowering prices of American products in Britain Helped bring on series of wars between Britain and Holland

Question 31

James Oglethorpe chartered this colony; settlers included those who paid their own way to receive the best land grants

Answer 31

Georgia

Question 32

King Charles II rewarded loyal noblemen with these lands after the twenty-year Puritan revolution in England

Answer 32

The Carolinas

Question 33

Founded Pennsylvania as refuge for fellow Quakers; guaranteed a representative assembly and full religious freedom as settlers flocked from all over Europe

Answer 33

William Penn

Question 34

Commitment between Spain and Portugal; created a "Papal Line of Demarcation" which divided the New World-- east of the line for Portugal and west of it for Spain

Answer 34

Treaty of Tordesillas

Question 35

Spain's tightly controlled empire in the New World; used encomiendas as slaves to deal with labor shortages; death of those encomiendas began importing African slaves

Answer 35

New Spain

Question 36

System used by the Virginia Company to attract colonists; promised parcels of land to emigrate to America, about 50 acres

Answer 36

Headright System

Question 37

James I granted charters for colonies; settled by Virginia Company in 1607; Saved by leadership of John Smith

Answer 37

Jamestown

Question 38

Was a major english political philosopher of the Enlightenment; followed Isaac Newton in the Natural Law, "rights of life, liberty, and property" inherently by human nature

Answer 38

John Locke and Natural Law

Question 39

Representative assembly in Virginia; first representative house in America; instituted private ownership of land and maintained rights of colonists

Answer 39

House of Burgesses

Question 40

English colonist from Jamestown; married Pocahontas; created process of curing tobacco

Answer 40

John Rolfe

Question 41

Slavery in the 1600s

Answer 41

Slaves only a small percent of population, began at almost same level of indentured servants; increased importation and population of African-Americans in southern colonies

Question 42

After British conquered the Dutch lands in America, King Charles II gave the title to the lands to his bother, James, Duke of York

Answer 42

New York and New Jersey

Question 43

Delegates of seven colonies met in New York to discuss plans for collective defense; Ben Franklin proposes a rejected plan of intercolonial govt.; important precedent for the concept of uniting in the face of a common enemy

Answer 43

Albany Plan

Question 44

Thomas Hooker led a large group of Puritans to settle in the Connecticut River Valley as they had slight religious disagreements with the leadership of Massachusetts

Answer 44

Connecticut

Question 45

The 3 types of colonies

Answer 45

1. Charter colony - colonists members of a corporation 2. Royal colony - had a governor selected by England's king 3. Proprietary colonies - owned by an individual with direct responsibility to the king

Question 46

Decision by Puritan colony churches to allow the grandchildren of those who had the personal experience of conversion to participate in select church affairs

Answer 46

Half-Way Covenant

Question 47

Italian-born navigator; unknowingly landed in the Americas as he sailed west to find a water route to Asia; returned with Gold to encourage future exploration

Answer 47

Christopher Columbus

Question 48

Describes a period in the 1600s when many colonists died and others considered returning to England

Answer 48

"Starving Time"

Question 49

Joint-stock company that ran colonies in Fort Orange and New Amsterdam, later becoming New York; carried profitable fur trade with Native Iroquois

Answer 49

Dutch West India Company

Question 50

French Protestants (Huguenots) trespass in Spanish territory, Florida, and were massacred here by Spanish force; considered first permanent European settlement

Answer 50

St. Augustine, Florida