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1
Q

What were the reasons for British expansion?

A

Economic, personal influence, strategic, moral

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2
Q

When did Britain suffer from the Great Depression?

A

1873-1896

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3
Q

Who visited Africa in 1858 and said ‘to try and make an open path for commerce and Christianity’?

A

David Livingstone

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4
Q

By what year had most of Africa been mapped by?

A

1857

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5
Q

When did Britain acquire Basutoland and establish a protectorate?

A

1868

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6
Q

When did Britain acquire Griqualand West and establish a settlement?

A

1873

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7
Q

What year did Britain occupy the Transvaal?

A

1877

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8
Q

When did Britain acquire Zululand and establish a protectorate?

A

1879

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9
Q

When did Britain acquire Egypt (and Sudan) by establishing a client state?

A

1882

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10
Q

The end of the empire on the American continent sent the British on what?

A

“Swing to the East”

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11
Q

From what century had British merchants traded with West Africa?

A

1500s

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12
Q

What products did Britain buy from West Africa?

A

Gold and ivory

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13
Q

When did Britain outlaw the slave trade?

A

1807

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14
Q

What goods were sought from Africa in the 2nd half of the 19th century?

A

Coal, iron and timber

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15
Q

Where were forts and coastal defences built?

A

Gold Coast, Sierra Leone and Gambia

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16
Q

Why was a colony established at the Cape?

A

Protected sea route to the East, temperate climate and deep water port

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17
Q

Who did Britain seize the Cape from?

A

Dutch

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18
Q

What was the purpose of the Empire according to missionaries?

A

Civilise world and spread Christian faith

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19
Q

When was the Congo River charted?

A

1867

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20
Q

What raw materials did explorers find in general?

A

Gold, palm oil and diamonds

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21
Q

When did explorers chart the Sahara?

A

1820

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22
Q

When was the lower Niger River chartered?

A

1830

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23
Q

When was the Zambezi River chartered?

A

1850s

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24
Q

Who chartered the Upper Nike?

A

Burton and Speke

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25
Why was British interest in Egypt revived in the 1860s?
American Civil War meant there was a cotton shortage
26
Who was the initial Khedive of Egypt?
Isma'il Pasha
27
By 1870s what percent of Egypt's imports were coming from Britain?
40%
28
What economic projects did Pasha implement?
Irrigation, railways, schools, street lighting
29
How many miles shorter was it to India through the Canal than the Cape route?
6,000 miles
30
When was the Suez Canal Company set up?
1858
31
When did Disraeli purchase shares in the Suez Canal?
1875
32
How much value of shares did Disraeli purchase?
£4m
33
Where did Disraeli get the £4 worth of shares from?
Loan from Rothschild family
34
Why was the Suez Canal important?
Route to India
35
When did Britain and France initiate dual control in Egypt?
1878
36
What would Britain and France do under dual control?
Britain: Raise revenue, France: Raise expenditure
37
When was Ismail Pasha deposed?
1879
38
Who was the British Commissioner in Egypt when Pasha was deposed?
Lord Dufferin
39
How much was the Egyptian army reduced by?
2/3
40
When did dual control end?
1882
41
What % did Britain own in Egypt?
44%
42
Who was the leader of the nationalist movement?
Pasha
43
When did the rioting in Alexandria occur
11 June 1882
44
How many Europeans died in nationalist uprising?
50
45
Where did the nationalist movement have success?
Kafr el-Dawwar
46
Where were Arabi's forces defeated?
Tel el-Kebir
47
How long did the British victory at Tel el-Kebir last for?
Just over an hour
48
Who was the Consul-General in Egypt?
Evelyn Baring
49
Who was installed as the puppet ruler?
Tewfiq
50
What was British rule known as in Egypt?
Veiled Protectorate
51
What was the name given to the nationalist leader in Sudan?
Mahdi
52
When did he proclaim himself Mahdi?
1881
53
What does the title Mahdi mean?
Saviour of mankind
54
Who was the British Colonel killed in Sudan 1883?
Hicks
55
What was the name of the British general killed in Sudan?
General Gordon
56
When was Sudan eventually taken over?
1896
57
When did Britain acquire Southern Nigeria as a chartered company rule?
1884
58
When did Britain establish British Somaliland as a protectorate by treaty?
1884
59
When did Britain establish Bechuanaland as a protectorate by treaty?
1885
60
When did Britain acquire Northen Nigeria by chartered company rule?
1885
61
When did Britain acquire Gambia?
1888
62
When did Britain acquire British East Africa by chartered company rule?
1888
63
When did Britain acquire Uganda by chartered company rule?
1888
64
When did Britain annex Lagos?
1861
65
When did Britain become a Crown Colony after war against the Ashanti?
1874
66
When did Khedive Ismail come to power?
1863
67
When did the Suez Canal after 10 years of work?
1868
68
How many Europeans living in Egypt?
100,000
69
When was the Convention of London which secured an international loan for Egyptian government?
1885
70
In what period did Britain take more than 75% of Egypts foreign trade and provide half its imports?
Mid 1880s

Empire (24 decks)

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