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Physics > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q 
Pendulum
Automobile
Battery
Barometer
Light bulb
Braille
Steam boat
A 
Galileo
Karl Benz
Alessandro Volta
Evangelista Torricelli
T Edison
Louis Braille
Robert Fulton
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2
Q

What type of object emits infrared radiation?
Relation temp and amount of infrared radiation
Name three gases that trap IR.
How does a PIR sensor work?
What is the best reflector of IR?
best at absorbing and emitting IR?

A

All objects emit infrared radiation.
The hotter the object, the more infrared
Water vapour, carbon dioxide and methane.
They work by detecting infrared radiation.
Light, shiny, smooth surfaces
Dark, Matt surfaces

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3
Q

What are radio, micro and infrared radiation waves?

How fast to electromagnetic waves travel?

A

They are electromagnetic waves.

300,000,000 metres per second (ms^-1)

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4
Q

What blocks UV rays from the Sun?

A

The Earth’s ozone layer.

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5
Q

What electromagnetic wave doesn’t Earth’s atmosphere block?

A

Infrared Radiation

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6
Q

Greenhouse Effect traps

A

IR

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7
Q

Give one effect of the planet warming

A

Polar ice caps will melt causing the sea level to rise.

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8
Q 
Solid flow?
Fixed shape?
fixed volume?
Density?
Atoms in a solid do what?
A 
It doesn't flow.
It has a fixed shape.
It has a fixed volume.
It has a high density.
vibrate about their position.
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9
Q 
Give the process of a liquid to a gas.
Give the process of a liquid to a solid.
Give the process of gas to liquid.
Give the process of solid to gas.
Give the process of solid to liquid.
A 
Vaporisation
Solidification/Freezing
Condensation
Sublimation
Melting
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10
Q

Give an example of sublimation.

A

Solid carbon dioxide i.e dry ice

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11
Q

What state’s particles have the most kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy refers to?
Equation

A

Gas
Motion
.5 Mass speed 2

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12
Q

material is the best conductor

What materials are the best insulators?

A

Metal

Wool and fibreglass

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13
Q

How do electrons move in a metal?

A

Randomly

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14
Q

What states does convection occur in?
The circulation of a
Caused by

A

Liquids and gases.
fluid
heating it.

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15
Q

What is evaporation?

A

This is the change of state from liquid to gas.

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16
Q

What is the unit of specific heat capacity?
The unit of energy.
The unit of force.
The unit of pressure.

A

Joules per kilogram
Joules
Newton
Pascal

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17
Q

Change of velocity per second.

A

Acceleration

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18
Q

current in a circuit that repeatedly reverses

AC changes direction how many times

A

AC

50 times a sec

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19
Q

Angle between the reflected ray and normal

A

angle of reflection

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20
Q

What is an atomic number?

A

Proton number

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21
Q

The radio spectrum for communications.

Invented

A

Band

Guglielmo Marconi

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22
Q

Constant amount of electricity generated by power stations.

A

Base load

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23
Q

BB says created

Expanding?

A

created in a massive explosion

universe has been expanding ever since.

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24
Q

A star that has faded out

and gone

A

Black dwarf

Cold

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25
Q

Why can’t you escape a black hole

A

Mass

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26
Q

Camera used for

A

photographing

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27
Q

What is a kilowatt?

A

1000 Watts

28
Q

Momentum equation

A

mass x velocity

29
Q

What can waves be used for?

A

Energy and information transfer.

30
Q

Transverse waves vibrate

Longitude waves vibrate

A

perpendicular

vibrates parallel

31
Q

What type of wave is an electromagnetic wave?

What type of wave is a sound wave?

A

Transverse

Longitude

32
Q

How fast do EM waves travel?

A

300,000,000 m/s

33
Q

vibrations of a longitudinal wave also known as?

A

Compressions

34
Q

number of waves that pass a point in one second.

What is the unit of frequency?

A

Frequency

Hertz

35
Q

The distance from one crest to another.

A

Wavelength

36
Q

What is a plane mirror?

A

A perfectly flat mirror.

37
Q

Diffraction what to waves

Refraction what to waves

A

spread of waves

change of direction of waves

38
Q

What is the range of human hearing?

speed of sound?

A

20-20,000 Hz

343ms^1

39
Q

Sound waves reflected from a smooth, hard surface.

A

Echoes

40
Q

What determines the pitch of a note?

A

Frequency

41
Q

As the cyclist accelerate the………. energy store in
the cyclist’s body decreases and the………. energy of
the cyclist increases.

A

Chemical , kinetic

42
Q

The mass of the cyclist is 80 kg. The speed of the cyclist is 12 m/s.
Calculate the kinetic energy of the cyclist.

A

5760 (J)

43
Q

12 squared

Energy measured in

A

144

Joules

44
Q

change in thermal energy =

A

mass × specific heat capacity × temperature change

45
Q

uses the brakes, the bicycle

How is the internal energy of the particles in the brake pads affected by the increase in temperature?

A

Slows down

Increased

46
Q

Why might the filament inside a lamp melt when the lamp is first switched on?
The normal current through the filament lamp is

A

Current higher than 1.5A

1.5A

47
Q

When the cyclist uses the brakes, the bicycle slows down.
This causes the temperature of the brake pads to increase by 50 °C.
The mass of the brake pads is 0.040 kg.
The specific heat capacity of the material of the brake pads is 480 J/kg °C.
Calculate the change in thermal energy of the brake pads.

A

960 (J)

48
Q

Power equation
Resistance
Energy transferred

A

potential difference × current
potential difference/current
charge flow × potential difference

49
Q

The lamp is connected to a 24 V power supply. The current through the lamp is 1.5 A.
Calculate the power of the lamp.

A

36 watts

50
Q

Power measured in

A

Watts

51
Q

LED lamps are much more efficient than filament lamps.

What does this statement mean?

A

LED lamps waste a smaller
proportion of the input energy
than filament lamps

52
Q

Draw a diagram to show how 1.5 V cells should be connected together to give a
potential difference of 4.5 V.
Use the correct circuit symbol for a cell.

A

3 cells joined in series in correct

orientation

53
Q

Cell diagram

A

I i

54
Q

V12 Current 1.6 whats the resistance

A

7.5 ohm

55
Q

Resistors strength parallel, series

A

decrease, increase

56
Q

Measuring volume of a rock instrument
How to measure
volume of object

A

Measuring cylinder
Intial place in final
final volume – initial volume

57
Q

The volume of the piece of rock was 18.0 cm3
The student measured the mass of the piece of rock as 48.6 g.
Calculate the density of the rock in g/cm3

A

2.70 (g/cm3)

58
Q

error that may have occurred when the student measured the

volume of the rock.

A

eye position when using

measuring cylinder

59
Q

During the process of nuclear fission a uranium……..absorbs a………..
Electromagnetic radiation is released in the form of…………

A

nucleus
neutron
gamma rays

60
Q

The UK needs at least 25 000 000 kW of electrical power at any time.
A nuclear power station has an electrical power output of 2 400 000 kW
Calculate how many nuclear power stations are needed to provide 25 000 000 kW of
electrical power.

A

25 000 000 / 2 400 000

11

61
Q

State two environmental issues caused by generating electricity using nuclear power stations.

A 
waste is radioactive
• waste has a long half-life
• waste is toxic
• waste needs to be buried
• risk of catastrophic
accidents
• fuel is non-renewable
62
Q

Picture

A

Fuse
LED
Diode
Risistor

63
Q

UK mains voltage

A

230volts AC

64
Q

The appliance is connected to the mains electrical supply. The mains potential
difference is 230 V.
Calculate the energy transferred when 13 C of charge flows through the appliance

A

2990 (J)

65
Q

equation that links charge flow, current and time

A

Q = It

66
Q

Time sym
current
Charge

A

T
I
Q

Physics (21 decks)

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