1

Question 1

Tendinitis

Answer 1

Tendon infalamation

Question 2

Epicondylitis

Answer 2

Inflammation of tendon in his attachment-to the bone

Question 3

Lateral epicondylitis

Answer 3

Tennis elbow

Question 4

Medial epicondylitis

Answer 4

Golfer elbow

Question 5

Bursitis

Answer 5

Inflammation of the bursae

Question 6

Bursae

Answer 6

Bursae is a sac that full of fluid and keep the bones from friction. Primary function to lubricate and cushion

Question 7

Muscle strain

Answer 7

Traumatic or sport injury from a forced motion

Question 8

Myoglobinuria

Answer 8

Excess myoglobin in the urine, becoming from muscle cell damage.
Crush syndrome is the most severe one

Question 9

Myoglubinuria can be seen after:

Answer 9

Infections
Anesthesia 
Poisoning
Tetanus
Heart stroke
Fractures

Question 10

Osteoporosis

Answer 10

Mass and density of bone decreased, becomes thinner and weaker for fractures

Question 11

Osteopenia

Answer 11

Decreased bone mass 833-648 mg/cm2

Question 12

Osteoporosis

Answer 12

Below 648 mg/cm2

Question 13

Bone remodeling

Answer 13

4 months with constant rate

Question 14

Remodeling cycle

Answer 14

Multicellular unit activation
Bone resorption
Bone formation

Question 15

Osteomalacia

Answer 15

Metabolic disease in bone, bone volume remain the same, but the bone is soft.

For kids it called Rickets

Question 16

Pager disease

Answer 16

Increased metabolic activity in bone, abnormal bone remodeling.
Diagnosis upon autopsy

Question 17

Osteomyelitis

Answer 17

Infection caused by bacteria

Question 18

Exogenous osteomyelitis

Answer 18

Infection enters from outside the body through open way

Question 19

Endogenous m/hematogenous osteomyelitis

Answer 19

Infection caused by the blood

Question 20

Osteoarthritis - non inflammatory

Answer 20

Loss of articulate cartilage in joints, occur with people who put lots of stress on joints

Question 21

Arthritis characteristics

Answer 21

Thickening and gardening of bone

Joint is degenerate and falling apart

Question 22

Arthritis- inflammatory joint disease

Answer 22

Result in autoimmunity

Inflammation on the membrane and cartilage

Question 23

Infectious inflammatory disease

Answer 23

Caused by invasion of joint by bacteria, virus or anything.
Can happen trough trauma
And can be delivered by blood stream

Question 24

Non-infections inflammatory disease

Answer 24

Happen by immune reactions or hypersensitivity reactions.

Crystals of mono sodium urate

Question 25

Rheumatoid arthritis RA

Answer 25

Inflammation of connective tissues in the joints

Question 26

S&S of RA

Answer 26

``` Fever Malaise Rash Lymph node or spleen enlargement Lack of circulation to fingers In ammunition ```

Question 27

Ankylosing spondylitis AS

Answer 27

Chronic inflammatory disease, Stuffing and fusion of the spine. like RA but different location Cause is un immunization, may be genetic

Question 28

Gout

Answer 28

Caused by inflammation response. | Crystals in synovial fluid, inflammation and pain

Question 29

Tophi

Answer 29

Crystals can be visible through the skin

Question 30

Crystal in kidneys

Answer 30

Kidney stones - leads to kidney failure

Question 31

Purines

Answer 31

End products in the digestion of certain proteins in the diet. Nitrogenous compounds

Question 32

Fibromyalgia

Answer 32

Moving pain, caused by missing good sleeping circulation so muscles are not resting

Question 33

Contractures

Answer 33

Muscle shortening

Question 34

Stress induced muscle tension

Answer 34

Associated with anxiety

Question 35

Disuse atrophy

Answer 35

Reduction in normal size of muscle after missing of activity

Question 36

Myotonia

Answer 36

Delayed relaxation after muscle movement

Question 37

Periodic paralysis

Answer 37

Triggered by exercise and medication that alters serum potassium. Does not affect respiratory muscles

Question 38

Myositis

Answer 38

Inflammation changes in muscle | Viral, bacterial and parasitic

Question 39

Polymositis

Answer 39

Muscle inflammation

Question 40

Dermatomyositis

Answer 40

Muscle inflammation with skin lesions (damage)

Question 41

Toxic myopathies

Answer 41

Attack of muscle weakness, pain and swelling after drinking alcohol in enormous amount

Question 42

Rhabdomyoma

Answer 42

Rare tumor of muscle, treated by removal

Question 43

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 43

Tumor of striated muscle

Question 44

Club foot

Answer 44

When the foot is adducted and supinated. | Needs bracing or surgery

Question 45

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 45

Genetic mutation in genes. | Decreased bone mass and increase in fracture

Question 46

Osteomyelitis- bone infection

Answer 46

Bacteria or granulomatous infection

Question 47

Septic arthritis

Answer 47

Bacterial infection of the joint space, surgical emergency. Severe joint pain, decreased motion

Question 48

Osteochrondroses

Answer 48

Childhood disease, death of bone, loss of flood supply and progressive bone weakness.

Question 49

Osteochondroses | Legg calve perthes disease

Answer 49

Disease of the hip because of recurrent interruption of blood supply to the femoral head. 2-5 years

Question 50

Osteochondroses | Osgood schlatter disease

Answer 50

Common sports related, information

Question 51

Scoliosis idiopathic

Answer 51

Progress while child is growing

Question 52

Scoliosis congenital

Answer 52

Due to bony deformity

Question 53

Scoliosis teratologic

Answer 53

From a systemic syndrome

Question 54

Greenstick fracture

Answer 54

Incomplete fracture

Question 55

Transverse fracture

Answer 55

Straight line across the bone

Question 56

Spiral fracture

Answer 56

Spiral around the bone, twisting injury

Question 57

Oblique fracture

Answer 57

Diagonal break across the bone

Question 58

Compression fracture

Answer 58

Bone is crushed, broken bone is wider or flatter in appearance

Question 59

Comminuted fracture

Answer 59

Break is in 3 or more pieces

Question 60

Segmental fracture

Answer 60

Crooked in two places, causing a floating segment of the bone