1. Basic Chemistry Flashcards

0
Q

The functional unit of matter

A

Atoms

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1
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass

A

Matter

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2
Q

The core of the atom, consists of two kinds of subatomic particles

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

Positive charge

A

Proton

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4
Q

No charge

A

Neutron

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5
Q

99.9% of the atoms mass is found in _____

A

The nucleus

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6
Q

Negatively charged

A

Electrons

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7
Q

Electrons are found moving about the ____ at ____

A
  1. Nucleus

2. Tremendous speeds

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8
Q

These electrons are found in _____

A

The electron cloud

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9
Q

The electron cloud is broken down into separate sections called ____

A

Shells or levels

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10
Q

Each of the surrounding levels:
1st level _____
2nd level _____
3rd level _____

A
  1. ) 2 electron max
  2. ) 8 electron max
  3. ) 8 electron max
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11
Q

Electrons near the nucleus have ____ but those away from the nucleus have ____

A
  1. Lower energy

2. Higher energy

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12
Q

In an uncharged atom:
The number of protons = the number of ____
The charges ____ each other
The net charge on an atom is ____

A

Electrons
Offset
0

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13
Q

A substance that __________ into simpler kinds of matter is an element

A

Cannot be broken down chemically

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14
Q

Each element has a symbol, they are all represented in the ________

A

Periodic Table

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15
Q

The number of protons in a nucleus

A

Atomic number

16
Q

The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom vs. average of all the neutrons

A

Mass number/atomic weight

17
Q

Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

18
Q

Isotopes have:
The same number of _____
Different ______

A

Protons

Atomic mass

19
Q

Two or more elements that are joined by CHEMICAL BONDS

A

Compounds

20
Q

In compounds the proportions of the individual atoms are ____

A

Fixed

21
Q

____ will always be in the same proportion for a substance

A

Element

22
Q

H2O and NaCl are examples of ____

A

Compounds

23
Q

Shows the proportions of atoms that form compounds

A

Chemical formulas

24
Q

Shows how elements are attached

A

Structural formulas