1- Cardiovascular Anatomy

Question 1

double-walled firoserous sac which encloses the heart and roots of great vessels

Answer 1

pericardium

Question 2

which layer of pericardium is fused to central tendon of diaphragm

Answer 2

fibrous pericardium

Question 3

which layer of pericardium is inelastic and protects against overfilling

Answer 3

fibrous pericardium

Question 4

fused to internal surface of the fibrous pericardium

Answer 4

parietal layer of serous pericardium

Question 5

aka epicardium

Answer 5

visceral layer of serous pericardium

Question 6

where is apex located?

Answer 6

left 5th intercostal space

Question 7

which heart chamber corresponds to apex?

Answer 7

left ventricle

Question 8

which heart chamber corresponds to the sternocostal/anterior surface?

Answer 8

right ventricle

Question 9

which heart chambers correspond to the diaphragmatic/inferior surface?

Answer 9

both ventricles, primarily the left

Question 10

which heart chambers correspond to the left/pulmonary surface?

Answer 10

left ventricle, occupies the cardiac notch

Question 11

right border is…

Answer 11

right 3rd costal cartilage to right 6th costal cartilage

Question 12

inferior border is..

Answer 12

right 6th costal cartilage to left 5th intercostal space

Question 13

left border is …

Answer 13

left 5th intercostal space to left second costal cartilage

Question 14

superior border is…

Answer 14

left 2nd costal cartilage to right 3rd costal cartilage

Question 15

what chamber corresponds with right border?

Answer 15

right atrium

Question 16

what chambers correspond with inferior border?

Answer 16

right ventricle and apex of left ventricle

Question 17

what chambers correspond with left border?

Answer 17

left ventricle and left auricle

Question 18

what chambers correspond with superior border?

Answer 18

right and left auricles and conus arteriosus

Question 19

provides barrier between atrial and ventricles for conductive system..

Answer 19

cardiac skeleton

Question 20

what attaches to the cardiac skeleton

Answer 20

heart valves and myocardium

Question 21

attaches aortic to pulmonary semilunar valves

Answer 21

tendon of conus arteriosus

Question 22

attaches mitral valve to aortic semilunar valves

Answer 22

left fibrous trigone

Question 23

attaches atrioventricular valves to aortic semilunar valves

Answer 23

right fibrous trigone

Question 24

what is the arterial supply to the AV node?

Answer 24

right coronary a.

Question 25

what is the major supply to the SA node?

Answer 25

60% right coronary, 40% left coronary

Question 26

the marginal and posterior interventricular branch off what a.?

Answer 26

right coronary

Question 27

what are the branches off of the left coronary a.?

Answer 27

circumflex and interventricular branches

Question 28

location and speed of SA node

Answer 28

junction of SVC and right atrium 70-80 bpm

Question 29

speed of AV node

Answer 29

40-60 bpm

Question 30

location of AV node

Answer 30

posteroinferior region of interatrial septum near coronary sinus

Question 31

normal heart sounds are the result of ...

Answer 31

blood turbulence upon closure of the heart valves

Question 32

where do you listen to the aortic semilunar valve?

Answer 32

right 2nd intercostal space

Question 33

where do you listen to the pulmonary semilunar valve?

Answer 33

left 2nd intercostal space

Question 34

where do you listen to the tricuspid valve?

Answer 34

lower left body of sternum

Question 35

where do you listen to the mitral valve

Answer 35

left 5th intercostal space

Question 36

functions to prevent heat build up

Answer 36

serous pericardium

Question 37

nerve supply to pericardium

Answer 37

phrenic n. (no pain -exception visceral layer)

Question 38

behind pulmonary a. and aorta (outflow)

Answer 38

transverse pericardial sinus (where to go for bypasses)

Question 39

between IVC and pulmonary vv.

Answer 39

oblique pericardial sinus

Question 40

base of heart

Answer 40

LA with minor contribution from the RA(sinus venarum)

Question 41

what is the sinus venerum?

Answer 41

smooth portion of the RA where coronary sinus enters and the two vena cavas merge

Question 42

indicates the primitive atrium

Answer 42

pectinate muscles

Question 43

transition between rough and smooth RA

Answer 43

crista terminalis

Question 44

outflow part of RV

Answer 44

conus arteriosus

Question 45

what is the moderator band

Answer 45

muscle cells involved in heart beat (on Rside not left)

Question 46

where are pectinate muscles found on the left side?

Answer 46

only in l. auricle

Question 47

"base ring" of cardiac skeleton

Answer 47

aortic valve ring

Question 48

where are the opening for the coronary aa found?

Answer 48

in aortic sinuses

Question 49

which cusp in the aortic semilunar valve does not have an opening for the coronary aa?

Answer 49

posterior cusp

Question 50

the nodal branch comes off which coronary a?

Answer 50

right

Question 51

which artery tells you 'dominance"

Answer 51

posterior interventricular a.

Question 52

artery found on the inferior border of the heart

Answer 52

right marginal a.

Question 53

why is the left coronary artery a high danger place?

Answer 53

quickly splits into the circumflex and LAD

Question 54

artery in teh anterior interventricular groove

Answer 54

LAD aka anterior interventricular a.

Question 55

which veins do not drain into the coronary sinus

Answer 55

the anterior cardiac veins (go directly into the RA)

Question 56

how does the vagus n. get into the heart cavity

Answer 56

branches onto the great vessels

Question 57

how does symp. innervation get to heart

Answer 57

from the chain (C6/7 to T4)

Question 58

closure of AV valves

Answer 58

LUB

Question 59

closure of semilunar valves

Answer 59

DUB