1 Cell Biology - Specialised Cells Flashcards Preview

11A1 Biology Paper 1 - Trilogy Higher > 1 Cell Biology - Specialised Cells > Flashcards

Flashcards in 1 Cell Biology - Specialised Cells Deck (13)
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1
Q

Explain the use of a tail in sperm cells.

A

To swim and move around (to reach the egg)

2
Q

Why do sperm cells have lots of mitochondria?

A

To provide lots of energy for swimming

3
Q

Describe the adaptations of a nerve cell.

A

Lots of dendrites; Long axon

4
Q

What is the function of a nerve cell?

A

Carry electrical impulses

5
Q

How does having a long axon help neurones with their function?

A

Carry electrical impulses over long distances

6
Q

Describe how a muscle cell is adapted for its function.

A

Special proteins for contraction; Many mitochondria for energy; Store glycogen to release glucose for respiration

7
Q

Root hair cells have lots of mitochondria to release energy. What is the energy used for?

A

Active transport of mineral ions into root hair cells

8
Q

How do the extensions in root hair cells help with their function?

A

Increase surface area for diffusion of water

9
Q

What is another name for photosynthetic cells in plants?

A

Palisade mesophyll cells and spongey mesophyl

10
Q

How are photosynthetic cells adapted for photosynthesis?

A

Lots of chloroplasts with chlorophyll to absorb light

11
Q

Which specialised cell in plants make up the tissue for transporting water?

A

Xylem cells

12
Q

Name the substance found in xylem cells that allows the cells to withstand high water pressure.

A

Lignin

13
Q

State a difference in structure between xylem and phloem.

A

X: dead, hollow tube, has lignin; P: living, has sieve plates, no lignin