1. Cells & Organelles

Question 1

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 1

Aerobic respiration
Produces ATP
High numbers indicate high metabolic activity of cell

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Contains DNA

Control centre

Question 3

Nucleolus

Answer 3

Site of ribosome production

Question 4

Plasma membrane

Answer 4

Phospholipid bilayer
Encloses cell contents
Regulates movement in/out
Receptor molecules

Question 5

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 5

Collects, packages and distributes molecules made in cell out
Makes Lysosomes

Question 6

Lysosome

Answer 6

Digests food/ waste/ foreign material

Question 7

SER

Answer 7

Manufactures lipids and carbs

Question 8

RER

Answer 8

Embedded with ribosomes

Folds/ processes proteins

Question 9

What are ribosomes composed of and what do they do?

Answer 9

Composed of 2 distinct subunits, each of which contains ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein
Read messenger RNA (mRNA) to synthesise polypeptide chains

Question 10

Centriole

Answer 10

Assemble microtubules

Question 11

DNA in mitochondria

Answer 11

Circular

Question 12

Cancer

Answer 12

Uncontrollable cell division

Question 13

What is the cytoskeleton responsible for?

Answer 13

Support

Organelle movement

Question 14

List 8 ways in which prokaryotes differ to eukaryotes

Answer 14

Much smaller
No nucleus (naked DNA)
No membrane bound organelles
Circular DNA
Flagella
Small ribosomes
Polysaccharide cell wall
May photosynthesise

Question 15

What is the Cytoplasm?

Answer 15

fluid rich in proteins, other macromolecules, membrane-bound organelles, and filaments of cytoskeleton.

Question 16

Describe the structure of the nucleus

Answer 16

Nuclear envelope (double lipid bilayer) encloses nucleoplasm and nucleolus 
Unravelled chromosomes (chromatin) are suspended in nucleoplasm.