1: Circulatory System

Question 1

1. Identify structure A in the illustration above:

a pulmonary artery

b pulmonary vein

c inferior vena cava

d superior vena cava

Answer 1

d superior vena cava

Question 2

2. Identify structure B in the illustration above:

a pulmonary artery

b pulmonary vein

c inferior vena cava

d superior vena cava

Answer 2

a pulmonary artery

Question 3

3. Identify structure C in the illustration above:

a pulmonary artery

b pulmonary vein

c inferior vena cava

d superior vena cava

Answer 3

b pulmonary vein

Question 4

Identify structure D in the illustration above:

a right atrium

b left atrium

c right ventricle

d left ventricle

Answer 4

a right atrium

Question 5

Identify structure E in the illustration above:

a aortic valve

b bicuspid valve

c superior vena cava

d tricuspid valve

Answer 5

d tricuspid valve

Question 6

Identify structure F in the illustration above:

a right atrium

b left atrium

c right ventricle

d left ventricle

Answer 6

c right ventricle

Question 7

Identify structure G in the illustration above:

a pulmonary artery

b pulmonary vein

c inferior vena cava

d superior vena cava

Answer 7

c inferior vena cava

Question 8

Identify structure I in the illustration above:

a right atrium

b left atrium

c right ventricle

d left ventricle

Answer 8

d left ventricle

Question 9

Identify structure J in the illustration above:

a aortic valve

b bicuspid valve

c superior vena cava

d tricuspid valve

Answer 9

b bicuspid valve

Question 10

Identify structure L in the illustration above:

a right atrium

b left atrium

c right ventricle

d left ventricle

Answer 10

b left atrium

Question 11

Identify structure O in the illustration below:

a aorta

b coronary artery

c pulmonary artery

d pulmonary vein

Answer 11

a aorta

Question 12

Blood exits the right atrium through the following valve:

a aortic

b mitral

c pulmonic

d tricuspid

Answer 12

d tricuspid

Question 13

Blood exits the left ventricle through the following valve:

a aortic

b mitral

c pulmonic

d tricuspid

Answer 13

a aortic

Question 14

Which of the following structures contains deoxygenated blood?

a aorta

b left atrium

c left ventricle

d right atrium

Answer 14

d right atrium

Question 15

Which of the following structures contains oxygenated blood?

a aorta

b right atrium

c right ventricle

d superior vena cava

Answer 15

a aorta

Question 16

Which of the following structures is included in the pulmonary circuit?

a aorta

b coronary artery

c pulmonary artery

d right atrium

Answer 16

c pulmonary artery

Question 17

Which of the following structures is included in the systematic circuit?

a aorta

b coronary artery

c right atrium

d right ventricle

Answer 17

a aorta

Question 18

Which of the following structures contains oxygenated blood?

a inferior vena cava

b superior vena cava

c pulmonary artery

d aorta

Answer 18

d aorta

Question 19

What is the blood flow sequence from the aorta?

a arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

b arterioles, arteries, capillaries, veins, venules

c venules, veins, capillaries, arterioles, arteries

d veins, venules, capillaries, arterioles, arteries

Answer 19

a arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

Question 20

The interior of a blood vessel is called the:

a lumen

b lunar caustic

c tunica adventitia

d tunica intima

Answer 20

a lumen

Question 21

The blood vessel with the thickest tunica media is the:

a arteriole

b artery

c capillary

d vein

Answer 21

b artery

Question 22

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are the:

a arteries

b capillaries

c veins

d venules

Answer 22

a arteries

Question 23

Which of the following blood vessels contains oxygenated blood?

a arteries

b pulmonary arteries

c veins

d venules

Answer 23

a arteries

Question 24

After performing a routine venipuncture, the phlebotomist noticed the blood in the evacuated tube was bright, cherry red. What vessel did the phlebotomist likely puncture?

a artery

b capillary

c pulmonary artery

d vein

Answer 24

a artery

Question 25

The blood vessel whose wall is 1 cell layer thick is the: a arteriole b artery c capillary d vein

Answer 25

c capillary

Question 26

Which of the following blood vessels contains a mixturew of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood? a arteries b capillaries c pulmonary arteries d veins

Answer 26

b capillaries

Question 27

Which of the following structues connect arterioles and venules? a arteries b pulmonary arteries c capillaries d veins

Answer 27

c capillaries

Question 28

Which of the following blood vessels allows gas and solute exchange between blood and tissues? a capillaries b pulmonary arteries c pulmonary veins d veins

Answer 28

a capillaries

Question 29

Which of the following specimens has the lowest concentration of oxygen? a arterial b arterialized capillary c capillary d venous

Answer 29

d venous

Question 30

The blood vessels with 1-way valves in the lumen are called: a arterioles b arteries c capillaries d veins

Answer 30

d veins

Question 31

Which of the following vessels contains deoxygenated blood? a arteries b arterioles c veins d pulmonary veins

Answer 31

c veins

Question 32

After performing a routine venipuncture, the phlebotomist noticed that the blood in the evacuated tube was dark red. What vessel did the phlebotomist likely puncture? a artery b capillary c pulmonary artery d vein

Answer 32

d vein

Question 33

Blood enters the right side of the heart through the: a aorta b pulmonary artery c pulmonary vein d superior vena cava

Answer 33

d superior vena cava

Question 34

Blood enters the left side of the heart through the: a aorta b pulmonary arteries c pulmonary veins d inferior & superior vena cava

Answer 34

c pulmonary veins

Question 35

The substance that causes fibrinogen to covert to fibrin is: a prothrombin b thrombin c antihemophilic factor d tissue thromboplastin

Answer 35

b thrombin

Question 36

An element critical to coagulation function *in vivo* and *in vitro* is: a calcium b nitrogen c phosphorous d potassium

Answer 36

a calcium

Question 37

The 3 components of hemostasis are: a blood vessels, platelets, coagulation factors b tissue thromboplastin, platelets, antihemophiliac factor c fibrin split products, blood vessels, platelets d blood vessels, fibrin degradation products, platelets

Answer 37

a blood vessels, platelets, coagulation factors

Question 38

Which of the following proteins is found in plasma, but not serum? a albumin b fibrinogen c fibrin d globulins

Answer 38

b fibrinogen

Question 39

Normal plasma is composed primarily of: a antibodies b fibrinogen c solutes d water

Answer 39

d water

Question 40

A blood specimen was collected into an evacuated tube containing an anticoagulant. What is the fluid portion of the blood specimen called? a fibrin b fibrinogen c plasma d serum

Answer 40

c plasma

Question 41

A blood specimen was collected into an evacuated tube without anticoagulant and allowed to clot. What is the fluid portion of the blood specimen called? a fibrin b fibrinogen c plasma d serum

Answer 41

d serum

Question 42

Which of the following cogaulation pathways is initiated through the activation of Factor XII? a extrinsic pathway b intrinsic pathway c common pathway d fibronolytic pathway

Answer 42

b intrinsic pathway

Question 43

Which of the following cogaulation pathways is initiated through the release of tissue thromboplastin? a extrinsic pathway b intrinsic pathway c common pathway d fibronolytic pathway

Answer 43

a extrinsic pathway

Question 44

The coagulation pathway initiated by a combination of the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways is the: a extrinsic pathway b intrinsic pathway c common pathway d fibronolytic pathway

Answer 44

c common pathway

Question 45

Fibrin degradation products are the end result of the: a extrinsic pathway b intrinsic pathway c common pathway d fibronolytic pathway

Answer 45

d fibronolytic pathway

Question 46

The cellular element of the blood responsible for the transport of oxygen to the tissues is: a erythrocyte b leukocyte c megakaryocyte d thrombocyte

Answer 46

a erythrocyte

Question 47

The cellular element of the blood responsible for the transport of carbon dioxide from the tissues is: a erythrocyte b leukocyte c megakaryocyte d thrombocyte

Answer 47

a erythrocyte

Question 48

The substance that transports oxygen in the blood is called: a hemoglobin b hematocrit c plasma d serum

Answer 48

a hemoglobin

Question 49

The reference range for hematocrit levels in adult females is: a 30%-40% b 36%-47% c 40%-54% d 50%-60%

Answer 49

b 36%-47%

Question 50

The reference range for hematocrit levels in adult males is: a 30%-40% b 37%-47% c 41%-52% d 50%-60%

Answer 50

c 41%-52%

Question 51

The reference range for homoglobin levels in adult females is: a 8-10 g/100 mL b 10-12 g/100 mL c 12-16 g/100 mL d 14-16 g/100 mL

Answer 51

c 12-16 g/100 mL

Question 52

The reference range for hemoglobin levels in adult males is: a 8-10 g/100 mL b 10-12 g/100 mL c 12-14 g/100 mL d 14-18 g/100 mL

Answer 52

d 14-18 g/100 mL

Question 53

Blood group antigens are located: a on the surface of erythrocytes b on the surface of lymphocytes c in plasma d in serum

Answer 53

a on the surface of erythrocytes

Question 54

The reference range for white blood cells is: a 2,500-5,000/mm³ b 5,000-10,000/mm³ c 4,700-11,000/mm³ d 15,000-17,500/mm³

Answer 54

c 4,700-11,000/mm³

Question 55

The cellular element of blood that functions in fighting infection is: a erythrocyte b leukocyte c megakaryocyte d thrombocyte

Answer 55

b leukocyte

Question 56

Leukocytes may be classified as: a agranulocytes & granulocytes b agranulocytes & erythrocytes c granulocytes & erythrocytes d granulocytes & thrombocytes

Answer 56

a agranulocytes & granulocytes

Question 57

Leukocytes that destroy pathogens by phagocytosis are: a basophilic segmented cells b eosinophilic segmented cells c neutrophilic segmented cells d plasma cells

Answer 57

c neutrophilic segmented cells

Question 58

The largest leukocyte in the peripheral circulation is the: a basophilic segmented cells b lymphocytes c monocytes d neutrophilic segmented cells

Answer 58

c monocytes

Question 59

Lymphocytes exist in 2 forms. They are: a A&B lymphocytes b A&O lymphocytes c A, B, AB & O lymphocytes d B & T lymphocytes

Answer 59

d B & T lymphocytes

Question 60

The leukocyte that functions in antibody production is the: a A lymphocyte b B lymphocyte c AB lymphocyte d T lymphocyte

Answer 60

b B lymphocyte

Question 61

Leukoctes that defend against parasites are: a basophilic segmented cells b eosinophilic segmented cells c neutrophilic segmented cells d plasma cells

Answer 61

b eosinophilic segmented cells

Question 62

The granules of this leukocyte release heparin and histamine: a basophilic segmented cells b eosinophilic segmented cells c neutrophilic segmented cells d plasma cells

Answer 62

a basophilic segmented cells

Question 63

The cellular element of the peripheral blood that functions in coagulation is the: a erythrocyte b leukocyte c megakaryocyte d thrombocyte

Answer 63

d thrombocyte

Question 64

The layer of cells that forms between red blood cells and plasma during centrifugation is called: a agglutination b buffy coat c y globulin d erythropoietin

Answer 64

b buffy coat

Question 65

The term for an abnormally enlarged heart is: a bradycardia b cardiomegaly c pericarditis d tachycardia

Answer 65

b cardiomegaly

Question 66

The condition in which a healthy body through constant changes and functioning remains the same is: a hematoma b hemoconcentration c hemostasis d homeostasis

Answer 66

d homeostasis

Question 67

The term for all of the chemical reactions necessary to sustain life is: a anabolism b catabolism c embolism d metabolism

Answer 67

d metabolism

Question 68

The process by which complex substances in food are broken down into simple substances while releasing energy is: a anabolism b catabolism c embolism d metabolism

Answer 68

b catabolism

Question 69

The process by which body cells use energy to make complex substances from simpler ones is called: a anabolism b catabolism c embolism d metabolism

Answer 69

a anabolism

Question 70

A blood clot occuring in a blood vessel is called a(n): a aneurysm b embolus c thrombus d turgent

Answer 70

a aneurysm

Question 71

A foreign body such as a blood clot, bacteria, or fibrin clot, causing an obstruction in a blood vessel is called a(n): a embolus b thrombocyte c thrombus d turgent

Answer 71

a embolus

Question 72

The body plane that runs lengthwise from front to back, dividing the body into right and left halves, is called: a frontal plane b lateral plane c sagittal plane d transverse plane

Answer 72

c sagittal plane

Question 73

Which term describes a patient lying on his back? a anatomic position b distal position c proximal position d supine position

Answer 73

d supine position

Question 74

Which term describes a patient standing erect, with palms facing forward? a anatomic position b distal position c proximal position d supine position

Answer 74

a anatomic position

Question 75

The directional term that refers to the front of the body is: a anterior b lateral c medial d posterior

Answer 75

a anterior

Question 76

The directional terms that refers to the back of the body is: a anterior b dorsal c lateral d medial

Answer 76

b dorsal

Question 77

The directional terms that refers to the front of the body is: a dorsal b medial c posterior d ventral

Answer 77

d ventral

Question 78

The directional terms that refers to the back of the body is: a anterior b medial c posterior d ventral

Answer 78

c posterior

Question 79

The directional term taht refers to the midline of the body is: a dorsal b medial c posterior d ventral

Answer 79

b medial

Question 80

The directional term taht refers to the side of the body is: a lateral b medial c posterior d proximal

Answer 80

a lateral

Question 81

The directional term that means **nearest** to the center of the body, point of attachment, or origin is: a distal b lateral c medial d proximal

Answer 81

d proximal

Question 82

The directional term that means **farthest** to the center of the body, point of attachment, or origin is: a distal b lateral c medial d proximal

Answer 82

a distal

Question 83

The directional term that means above, higher, or toward the head is: a distal b inferior c superior d ventral

Answer 83

b inferior

Question 84

The directional term that means lower, beneath, or away from the head is: a dorsal b inferior c superior d ventral

Answer 84

b inferior

Question 85

A 200 pound adult male will have a blood volume of: a 4 liters b 5 liters c 637 mL d 6,363 mL

Answer 85

d 6,363 mL

Question 86

A 10-year od female patient who weights 55 pounds will have a blood volume of: a 876 mL b 1,000 mL c 1,875 mL d 6,363 mL

Answer 86

c 1,875 mL

Question 87

Which of the following is located on the midsagittal plane? a intestines b left kidney c right lung d sternum

Answer 87

d sternum

Question 88

Which of the following structures is located on the posterior side of the frontal plane? a bladder b diaphragm c epididymis d spinal cord

Answer 88

d spinal cord

Question 89

Which of the following structures is located superior to the transverse plane? a appendix b bladder c epididymus d heart

Answer 89

d heart

Question 90

The process by which the body stops the leakage of blood from the vascular system is called: a hematoma b hemoconcentration c hemostasis d homeostasis

Answer 90

c hemostasis