1. Classification and Diagnosis Flashcards
What are the definitions of disorder?
- Statistical infrequency
- Personal distress
- Violation of social and cultural norms
- Abnormal or maladaptive behaviour
What are the definitions of disorder?
- Statistical infrequency
- Distress
- Violation of social and cultural norms
Evaluate statistical infrequency as a definition of disorder?
- Some ends of the spectrum are positive such as high IQ
- Mental disorders such as depression and anxiety are quite common.
Evaluate distress as a definition of disorder?
- Allows the patient to have more empowerment over their diagnosis rather than adhering to strict diagnosis requirements which will open up the availability of their treatment and consequently lead to better well-being in patients.
- Not all mental disorders are accompanied by distress such as personality disorders.
Evaluate violation of social and cultural norms as a definition of disorder?
- It’s difficult to define what is ‘normal’ which is required in order to distinguish mental wellness and illness.
- Norms will vary depending on cultural context so accommodation must be met for that. For example, in Soviet Russia not believing in communism was met with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia yet later studies of these patients proved them mentally well.
- Outcome of mental health problems vary in different countries. For example, Schizophrenics have a better outcome in developed countries.
What does ICD stand for?
International Causes of Death?
What does DSM stand for?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
What four things does a DSM classification provide?
- Symptoms
Outline the implications of labelling along with studies
- Negative associations: A study conducted found people regard alcoholics and schizophrenics as dangerous and difficult to talk to.
- One third of teenagers have experienced stigma from teaching staff, two thirds from peers.
- Schizophrenics, in particular, are depicted very negatively in popular media such as films. They are often perceived as violent and aggressive.
- Access to treatment and accommodations by employers, schools, etc for extenuating circumstances.
Evaluate statistical infrequency as a definition of disorder?
- Some ends of the spectrum are positive such as high IQ
- Mental disorders such as depression and anxiety are quite common.
- Ignores specific needs and circumstances of an individual
Evaluate personal distress as a definition of disorder?
- Allows the patient to have more empowerment over their diagnosis rather than adhering to strict diagnosis requirements which will open up the availability of their treatment and consequently lead to better well-being in patients.
- Not all mental disorders are accompanied by distress such as personality disorders.
Evaluate violation of social and cultural norms as a definition of disorder?
- It’s difficult to define what is ‘normal’ which is required in order to distinguish mental wellness and illness.
- Norms will vary depending on cultural context so accommodation must be met for that. For example, in Soviet Russia not believing in communism was met with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia yet later studies of these patients proved them mentally well.
- Outcome of mental health problems vary in different countries. For example, Schizophrenics have a better outcome in developed countries.
What does ICD stand for?
International List of Causes of Death?
What four things does a DSM classification provide?
- Essential features
- Associated features
- Diagnostic criteria
- Differential diagnosis information
Outline the implications of labelling along with studies
- Negative associations: A study conducted found people regard alcoholics and schizophrenics as dangerous and unpredictable.
- One third of teenagers have experienced stigma from teaching staff, two thirds from peers.
- Schizophrenics, in particular, are depicted very negatively in popular media such as films. They are often perceived as violent and aggressive.
- Access to treatment and accommodations by employers, schools, etc for extenuating circumstances.
- May adopt sick role.
- Gives an illusion of understanding. Diagnosis is simply a description of treatment rather than being a causal reason.
- There is an inherit stigmatisation by GPs due to their lack of training in psychiatry.
