1. Concepts of health and wellbeing

Question 1

Dimensions of Health and Wellbeing

Answer 1

Variables that influence an individuals overall level of health and wellbeing. These variables are referred to as dimensions, physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual.

Question 2

Communicable diseases

Answer 2

Any infectious diseases transmitted through the environment; through air, water, food and other infectious organisms (including humans)

Question 3

Dynamic

Answer 3

Health and wellbeing is dynamic because health and wellbeing is subjective. It is forever changing.

Question 4

Subjective

Answer 4

Health and wellbeing is subjective because it means different things to different people.

Question 5

Physical Health and Wellbeing

+ examples of optimal physical H&WB

Answer 5

Relates to the functioning of the body and its systems and the ability to carry out every day tasks

Adequate energy levels
Strong immune system
Healthy BMI

Question 6

Social Health and Wellbeing

+ examples of optimal social H&WB

Answer 6

Ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships and adapt appropriately to social situations

Supportive network of friends and family
Ability to work as part of a team
Active member of the community

Question 7

Emotional Health and Wellbeing

+ examples of optimal emotional H&WB

Answer 7

Ability to express emotions in a positive way

Displays resilience
Appropriately express emotions

Question 8

Mental Health and Wellbeing

+ examples of optimal mental H&WB

Answer 8

The current state of a persons wellbeing and mental functioning, relates to the ability to think and process information

Low levels of stress
High self-esteem
Positive thought patterns

Question 9

Spiritual Health and Wellbeing

+ examples of optimal spiritual H&WB

Answer 9

Not material in nature, but relates to ideas, values, beliefs and ethics that arise in the minds and conscience of human beings.

Having a sense of purpose in life
Having a sense of happiness and fulfilment
Belief in a faith system

Question 10

Disease vs Illness

Answer 10

A disease is a physical or mental disturbance involving symptoms that include tissue damage to the body whereas Illness is how a person feels about experiencing disease

Question 11

The WHO definition of Health

Answer 11

‘A state of complete physical, social and mental wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.’

Question 12

Discuss what it means when the dimensions of health and wellbeing are said to be interrelated

Answer 12

Means they all effect each other. A change in one will usually have an effect of the other.

Question 13

With an example explain how Mental and Physical Health and wellbeing interrelate

Answer 13

High levels of stress can lower a persons immune system functioning (mental) and therefor increase the risk of infectious disease (physical)

Question 14

Explain what is meant by Optimal health and wellbeing

Answer 14

When all five dimensions are as good as they can be Health and Wellbeing is said to be Optimal. (highest level of H&W an individual can attain at any particular time)

Question 15

How does optimal health and wellbeing act as a resource individually?

Answer 15

Optimal health and wellbeing reduces the risk of illness and premature death and reduced healthcare costs for individuals 
allows them to...
Work productively + earn an income
Live independently 
Spend time with friends and family

Question 16

How does optimal health and wellbeing act as a resource nationally?

Answer 16

Greater opportunities for volunteering = social participation
Higher life expectancy = more productive workforce to generate higher average incomes.
More money = healthier economy
Lower levels of stress in a community

Question 17

How does optimal health and wellbeing act as a resource globally?

Answer 17

Optimal health and wellbeing globally can promote economic and social sustainabilility and development
Increased levels of peace and stability
Reduces the risk of spread of disease

Question 18

Prerequisites for health as determined by the WHO include?

P, S, E, F, I, SE, SR, SJ, EQ,

Answer 18

Peace, shelter, Education, Food, Income, Stable ecosystem, Sustainable resources, Social justice, Equity.

Question 19

Peace

Answer 19

the absence of conflict within a community, country or region

Being connected to the community will encourage social interaction (social H+WB)

Question 20

Shelter

Answer 20

describes a structure that provides protection from the outside environment and is a basic human requirement

Not having shelter can cause mosquitoes to bite which can lead to malaria and communicable diseases which impacts physical H+WB

Question 21

Education

Answer 21

Ensuring that all children can complete a full primary and secondary schooling in order to gain skills for meaningful employment

Obtaining meaningful and well paid employment increases the ability of individuals to afford resources (food, shelter and healthcare) which all promote H+WB. It also promotes self-esteem + meaning and purpose (spiritual H+WB)

Question 22

Food

Answer 22

The state in which all people can obtain...
nutritionally adequate, 
culturally appropriate,
safe food,
through non emergency sources.

Question 23

Income

Answer 23

The ability to access adequate financial resources for a decent standard of living.

Having money enables a person to pursue recreational leisures and enjoy life which promotes all 5 dimensions of H+WB

Question 24

Stable ecosystem

Answer 24

A community that consists of all living and nonliving components of a particular area

For example; clean water and air are products of the ecosystem in which we live and are vital for human survival.

Question 25

Sustainable resources

Answer 25

meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability for future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 26

Social Justice

Answer 26

Equal rights for all regardless of personal traits such as sex, income, ethnicity, religion, age or sexual orientation.

Question 27

Equity

Answer 27

Equity is the concept that relates to fairness and social justice,