Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neurology > 1(E): Meningitis > Flashcards

1(E): Meningitis Flashcards

1
Q

What is meningitis

A

Inflammation meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When is meningitis incidence at it’s highest

A

Infants and children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why is epidemiology of meningitis reduced

A

Introduction haemophillus Influenza and Men B into immunisation schedule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

During first three-months of life, what causes meningitis

A

Group B Strep
E.Coli
Listeria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

During three-six months, what is most common organisms

A
  • N Meningitides
  • S Pneumonia
  • H Influenza
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

During 6 months - 60 years what can cause meningitis

A

N Meningitides

S Pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Over 60-years what are common causes of meningitis

A

S Pneumonia
N Meningitides
Listeria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If diabetic, what is a common cause of meningitis

A

S. Pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If penetrating skull injury, what can cause meningitis

A

S. Aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can cause meningitis in hyposplenism (eg. sickle cell)

A

S. Pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If immunosuppressed what may cause meningitis

A

Cryptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are four RF for meningitis

A
  • Maternal group B strep
  • Sinusitis
  • OM
  • Immunocompromised
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In a child or adult, what are common initial symptoms of meningitis

A
  • Cold peripheries
  • Myalgia
  • Fever
  • Headache
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are late features of meningitis

A

Meningism:

  • Headache
  • Photophobia
  • Nausea, Vomiting
  • Kernig
  • Brudzinski’s sign
  • Drop in GCS
  • Non-blanching petechial rash
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is not present in meningitis in neonates

A

Meningism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are features of meningitis in neonates

A
  • Lethargy, Hypotonia
  • High-Pitch crying
  • Vomiting
  • Poor Feeding
  • Bulging fontanelle
  • Seizures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In primary care, if someone has non-blanching rash what should they be given

A

IM Benzylpenicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How should a patient in meningitis be approached

A

A-E

  • Resuscitation
  • IV access
  • Glucose if required
19
Q

If meningococcal septicaemia how should the patient be managed

A

Initiate sepsis 6

Blood culture 
Urine output 
Fluid 
Antibiotics 
Lactate, FBC, ABG 
Oxygen
20
Q

If meningitis without shock, what should be done

A

Blood cultures

Assess ICP

21
Q

If signs of raised ICP, what should be done

A

Contact ITU

  • Nurse at 30’
  • Antibiotics
  • Dexamethasone
22
Q

If patient does not have raised ICP what should be done

A

Contact senior

  • LP in 1h
  • Antibiotics
  • Dexamethasone
23
Q

What is a way to remember CI of LP

24
Q

What are CI of LP

A 
Purpura 
Infection at LP site 
ICP raised 
Coagulation: platelets <100 
Convulsions 
Shock
25
What are symptoms of raised ICP
- Reduce GCS (by 3, or less than 9) - Bulging Fontanelle - Focal Neurological Sign - Bradycardia
26
What platelet count should individuals not have LP
<100
27
If patient has meningococcal septicaemia what is ordered
do NOT perform LP | - Order PCR and BC
28
Explain the following in bacterial LP a. Appearance b. Glucose c. Protein d. WCC
a. Cloudy b. Low c. High d. High polymorph count
29
Explain the following in TB LP a. Appearance b. Glucose c. Protein d. WCC
a. Fibrin web b. Low c. High d. High lymphocytes
30
Explain following in viral LP a. Appearance b. Glucose c. Protein d. WCC
a. Clear b. Normal (More than half of serum) c. Normal d. High lymphocytes
31
What is used to test CSF for TB and why
PCR , as ziehl-neelsen is only positive in 20%
32
What antibiotics are given for meningitis
IV Ceftriaxone
33
If suspecting viral meningitis, what is given
Acyclovir
34
When is amoxicillin given and why
Infants, Immunocompromised, Elderly
35
When is dexamethasone NOT given
To infants under 3-months
36
What should all household contacts of those with meningitis be given
Ciprofloxacin, Meningococcal Vaccine
37
What is used to prevent meningitis
Men B: 3,4 and 12 months Pneumococcal vaccine given to those with asplenism
38
What is most common complication of meningitis
SNHL
39
What are 3 neurological complications of meningitis
SNHL Epilepsy Cognitive Impairment Hemiparesis
40
What are 2 infective complications of meningitis
Sepsis | Cerebral abscess
41
What are pressure consequences of meningitis
Herniation
42
What is a metabolic complication of meningitis
Waterhouse Freiderichson Syndrome
43
When is waterhouse-freiderichson syndrome more common
Children | Asplenism
44
What is water friederichson syndrome
Haemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenal glands due to endotoxin release. Presents with non-blanching rash petechial rash and myalgia

Neurology (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions