1 - Elizabeth's court and parliament

Question 1

what is patronage

Answer 1

Elizabeth would give particular men important jobs within the privy chamber

Question 2

William cecil

Answer 2

-spoke up if he disagreed
-often clashed with Walsingham

Question 3

Francis Walsingham

Answer 3

-fiercely loyal to Elizabeth
-language abilities made him ambassador in Paris
-clashed with Cecil

Question 4

Robert Dudley

Answer 4

-childhood friend, rumours of a romance between Elizabeth and Dudley

Question 5

when and why was Peter Wentworth jailed

Answer 5

1576, arguing for freedom of speech

Question 6

why did Elizabeth not want to marry

Answer 6

marrying a man would cause a loss of power, as it would be shared. If she married a foreign ruler, England may loose it’s independence

Question 7

when was Essex’s rebellion

Answer 7

early 1601

Question 8

who did Essex have a rivalry with

Answer 8

Robert cecil

Question 9

why was Essex banished from court

Answer 9

when Elizabeth refused to promote one of his supporters he said ‘her conditions are as crooked as her carcass.’ Elizabeth punched him and he stormed out

Question 10

when and why was Essex placed under house arrest

Answer 10

in 1598, Essex made peace with the Earl of Tyrone, who was leading an Irish rebellion, against E’s orders. E promoted Cecil, and Essex burst into her bed chambers before she was wigged and gowned. He was placed under house arrest and lost his monopoly on sweet wines

Question 11

how many supporters did Essex have

Answer 11

around 300

Question 12

what happened when privy councillors went to Essex’s house

Answer 12

he locked them up as hostages and marched with his men to the centre of London in an attempt to capture the king

Question 13

what did Essex do shortly after the start of the rebellion

Answer 13

Essex returned home where his house was surrounded, he was forced to surrender

Question 14

when was Essex executed

Answer 14

25 February 1601

Question 15

why was succession a problem for Elizabeth

Answer 15

There was no obvious successor for Elizabeth as she had no children, therefore leading to a potential struggle for power.

Question 16

why was religion a problem for Elizabeth

Answer 16

as the official religion of England changed so many times, a period of instability came about. As many catholics did not recognise Henry VIII’s marriage with E’s mother, they believed that E didn’t have the right to the throne. Puritans often didn’t agree with the religious settlement

Question 17

why was foreign policy a problem for Elizabeth

Answer 17

Catholic countries wanted power over England, so the threat of invasion was prevalent. Protestant population in Netherlands was in conflict with its Spanish leaders, Elizabeth had to choose whether to get involved or not

Question 18

why was taxation a problem for Elizabeth

Answer 18

Elizabeth needed to rise taxes as the country was short of money, but poverty was widespread, meaning this would be unpopular

Question 19

why was Ireland a problem for Elizabeth

Answer 19

in 1559 there was a major revolt in Ireland, as Elizabeth considered herself to be the queen of Ireland also

Question 20

why was Elizabeth loosing power in the 1590s

Answer 20

-country was damaged by war, plague, widespread poverty and crop failure
-all her favourite councillors died, Dudley, walsingham and then cecil

Question 21

how did Elizabeth manage parliament

Answer 21

-regularly released statements about her authority, arresting any MPs who went too far in criticising her
-had the ability to dismiss parliament when she wanted