1. Epidemiology of Glaucoma Flashcards
(27 cards)
T/F: “Epidemiology” is a branch of medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population.
True!!!
The number of instances of a given disease or other condition in a given population at a designated time. This is the definition for:
a) prevalence
b) incidence
a) prevalence
T/F: In other words, prevalence is how many are there, and incidence is how many of these are new cases.
True!!
T/F: Incidence is simply a smaller portion of prevalence
True!
T/F: Intraocular pressure is the only and main contributing factor in the ocular tissue damage caused by glaucoma.
False! IOP is a main factor, but it is NOT the only factor that causes glaucoma. IOP is just a component of the disease.
Which cases tend to be easier to work with, and which cases tend to be the more difficult ones to treat (according to Dr. Davey)?
moderate to advanced glaucoma cases are easier.
early (beginning stage) glaucoma cases are more difficult, because you need to figure out what type of glaucoma you’re dealing with.
what are the four types of Open Angle glaucomas?
- POAG
- Normal tension glaucoma
- Ocular hypertension
- Glaucoma suspects
what are the 2 subdivisions for Glaucoma Suspects?
- Optic disc
2. Visual Fields
what does primary mean? and what does secondary mean?
primary means that you don’t know the cause of it. secondary means that you know the reason.
in real life, and when you’re in clinic, will you be dealing more with open angle or closed angle glaucoma?
open angle is more common. (so mainly the left side of the chart)
what is the IOP requirement to be considered POAG?
patient must have IOP greater than 21 mmHg
what is the IOP requirement to be considered Normal Tension Glaucoma?
patient’s IOP is, for the most part, statistically normal (less than 21 mmHg)
what are the requirements to be considered Ocular Hypertension Glaucoma?
patient’s IOP is greater than 21 mmHg, but you do NOT see any nerve or visual field damage.
if you look at the optic nerve and immediately you notice that it does not look normal, this would be classified as what type of open angle glaucoma?
glaucoma suspect - optic disc
T/F: About 30% of the total population has diagnosed glaucoma
False! 3% only
How much of the total population are glaucoma suspects?
3 fold of 3% = about 10% !!!
what is the prevalence of POAG in caucasians?
a) 2%
b) 5%
c) 10%
d) 20%
POAG in caucasians = 2%
Know this number!!!!**
what is a very important factor when determining the % prevalences of glaucoma in the different studies?
age!!!
Prevalence in different studies varies because:
a) different populations
b) different methods used to obtain a sample
c) different definition of glaucoma
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
is the prevalence of POAG in african american and african caribbean higher or lower than that of caucasians?
HIGHER!!! prevalence for africans is much higher than 2% .. it is 4x that!!
T/F: Prevalence of POAG in caucasians over 40 years of age is 2%, and in african american and african caribbeans, it is four times that
True!!
** Know this statement
What’s the age you need to start worrying about glaucoma in caucasians?
a) 25+
b) 35+
c) 40+
d) 50+
40+ for caucasians
what’s the age you need to start worrying about glaucoma in african americans?
a) 25+
b) 35+
c) 40+
d) 50+
35+ for african americans! (this is young)
and what about latinos? what is the age you need to worry about the risk of glaucoma?
40+, same as for caucasians
**Note, latinos have the same age for risk of glaucoma as caucasians, but their progression is different … progression in latinos tends to be much worse as age increases.
