1 Grammar: Key components of English Grammar

Question 1

What is a noun?

Answer 1

1. Nouns (Sustantivos): is a person, place, thing, or idea (freedom, love, knowledge)

Question 2

What are the four types of pronouns?

Answer 2

Subject
pronouns I, you, he, she, it, we, the She is my friend
Object
pronouns me, you, him, her, it, us, them Give it to me
Possessive pronouns mine, yours, his, her, its, ours, theirs This book is mine
Reflexive
pronouns myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves He hurt himself

Question 3

What role does a noun play in a sentence?

Answer 3

i. Acts as the subject (who/what the sentences is about) or object (receives the action)

Question 4

Give an example of a noun acting as a subject.

Answer 4

• Subject: The dog is sleeping

Question 5

Give an example of a noun acting as an object.

Answer 5

• Object: She bought a book

Question 6

What type of noun is “freedom” or “love”?

Answer 6

🔹 Nouns are categorized into two main types:
1️⃣ Concrete nouns → Things that can be seen, touched, or physically experienced (table, cat, book, water).
2️⃣ Abstract nouns → Things that cannot be physically touched but represent ideas, emotions, qualities, or concepts (freedom, love, happiness, knowledge).

📌 Examples of Abstract Nouns:

Emotions: love, anger, happiness, fear
Ideas & Concepts: freedom, democracy, justice, knowledge
Qualities: honesty, kindness, bravery, intelligence

✅ Sentence Examples:

Everyone deserves freedom to express their opinions.
She feels deep love for her family.

Question 7

What is a pronoun?

Answer 7

replace a noun to avoid repetition

Question 8

Why do we use pronouns in English?

Answer 8

replace a noun to avoid repetition

Question 9

What are subject pronouns? Provide three examples.

Answer 9

Subject
pronouns I, you, he, she, it, we, the She is my friend

Question 10

What are object pronouns? Provide three examples.

Answer 10

Object
pronouns me, you, him, her, it, us, them Give it to me

Question 11

What are possessive pronouns? Provide three examples.

Answer 11

Possessive pronouns mine, yours, his, her, its, ours, theirs This book is mine

Question 12

What are reflexive pronouns? Provide three examples.

Answer 12

Reflexive
pronouns myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves He hurt himself

Question 13

Which pronoun would you use to replace “Lisa” in the sentence “Lisa loves ice cream”?

Answer 13

She

Question 14

Which pronoun would you use to replace “Tom and I” in the sentence “Tom and I went to the park”?

Answer 14

We

Question 15

Which reflexive pronoun would you use in “He hurt ___ while playing soccer”?

Answer 15

himself

Question 16

What is a verb?

Answer 16

expresses action or state of being

Question 17

What are the three main types of verbs?

Answer 17

i. Action verbs: run, eat, write (He writes a letter)
ii. Linking verbs: be, seem, look (She is happy)
iii. Helping verbs: can, must, have (I have finished my work)

Question 18

Give an example of an action verb.

Answer 18

run

Question 19

Give an example of a linking verb.

Answer 19

is

Question 20

Give an example of a helping verb.

Answer 20

must

Question 21

Which type of verb is “be” in the sentence “She is happy”?

Answer 21

Linking verb

Question 22

Which type of verb is “can” in the sentence “She can swim”?

Answer 22

Helping verb

Question 23

What is an adjective?

Answer 23

describes a noun (quality, size, color, etc.)

Question 24

What do adjectives describe?

Answer 24

noun

Question 25

List four categories of adjectives with one example each.

Answer 25

* Quality: Beautiful, smart, kind * Size: Big, small, huge * Color: red, blue, green * Quantity: some, many, three

Question 26

Which adjective describes "size" in the phrase "a huge elephant"?

Answer 26

huge

Question 27

Which adjective describes "quality" in the phrase "a smart student"?

Answer 27

smart

Question 28

Which adjective describes "color" in the phrase "a red car"?

Answer 28

red

Question 29

What is the correct order of adjectives in "a big red beautiful house"?

Answer 29

"a beautiful big red house"

Question 30

The correct order of adjectives is:

Answer 30

1️⃣ Determiner → (a, an, the, my, his, some, several, etc.) 2️⃣ Opinion → (beautiful, ugly, amazing, boring, nice, etc.) 3️⃣ Size → (big, small, tiny, huge, enormous, etc.) 4️⃣ Age → (old, young, new, ancient, etc.) 5️⃣ Shape → (round, square, rectangular, etc.) 6️⃣ Color → (red, blue, green, black, etc.) 7️⃣ Origin → (American, French, Italian, Chinese, etc.) 8️⃣ Material → (wooden, metallic, plastic, silk, etc.) 9️⃣ Purpose → (sleeping [bag], running [shoes], racing [car], etc.)

Question 31

What is an adverb?

Answer 31

modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb (answers how, when, where, to what extent).

Question 32

What do adverbs modify?

Answer 32

modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb (answers how, when, where, to what extent).

Question 33

List four types of adverbs with one example each.

Answer 33

* Manner (How?) -> quickly, slowly, well (She runs quickly.) * Time (When?) -> now, yesterday, soon (He will arrive soon.) * Place (Where?) -> here, there, everywhere (I looked everywhere.) * Degree (to what extent?) -> very, too, almost (She is very tired)

Question 34

Which adverb answers "How?" in "She speaks fluently"?

Answer 34

Manner

Question 35

Which adverb answers "When?" in "We will leave soon"?

Answer 35

Time

Question 36

Which adverb answers "Where?" in "I looked everywhere"?

Answer 36

Place

Question 37

Which adverb answers "To what extent?" in "She is very tired"?

Answer 37

very

Question 38

What is a preposition?

Answer 38

Show relationship between a noun/pronoun and other words (direction, place, time, etc.)

Question 39

List four common prepositions of place.

Answer 39

i. Common prepositions: * Place: in, on, under, near * Time: before, after, during * Direction: to, from, into * The book is on the table

Question 40

En caso de los articulos a/an que cosa debe estar atento para no equivocarte en escribir correctamente?

Answer 40

Use "a" before words that start with a consonant sound, even if the first letter is a vowel (like "university" → "yoo-niversity"). Use "an" before words that start with a vowel sound, even if the first letter is a consonant (like "honest" → "onest").

Question 41

List three common prepositions of time.

Answer 41

before, after, during

Question 42

List three common prepositions of direction.

Answer 42

to, from, into

Question 43

What is the preposition in the sentence "The book is on the table"

Answer 43

Place

Question 44

What is the preposition in the sentence "We arrived after the meeting"?

Answer 44

Time

Question 45

What is a conjunction?

Answer 45

Connects words, phrases, or clauses

Question 46

What are the three types of conjunctions?

Answer 46

Coordinating Subordinating Correlative

Question 48

Give two examples of subordinating conjunctions.

Answer 48

Because, although,if

Question 49

Give two examples of correlative conjunctions.

Answer 49

Either…or, neither..nor

Question 50

Which conjunction is used in "I like coffee, but she prefers tea"?

Answer 50

but

Question 51

Which conjunction is used in "I stayed home because I was sick"?

Answer 51

because

Question 52

Which conjunction is used in "She is neither tall nor short"?

Answer 52

neither

Question 53

What is an article?

Answer 53

Article are used before nouns to indicate specificity

Question 54

What are the two types of articles?

Answer 54

i. Definite article (“the”) -> Refers to something specific. (The sun is bright.) ii. Indefinite articles (“a”/”an”) -> Refer to something unspecified. (I saw a bird)

Question 55

When do you use "a" vs. "an"?

Question 56

Which article should be used in "___ sun is bright today"?

Answer 56

✅ Answer: The sun is bright today. Explanation: "Sun" is one specific thing, and there is only one sun, so we use "the" (definite artic

Question 57

Which article should be used in "I saw ___ elephant at the zoo"?

Answer 57

✅ Answer: I saw an elephant at the zoo. Explanation: "Elephant" starts with a vowel sound (/e/), so we use "an."

Question 58

Which article should be used in "He bought ___ book and ___ apple"?

Answer 58

✅ Answer: He bought a book and an apple. Explanation: "Book" starts with a consonant sound (/b/), so we use "a." "Apple" starts with a vowel sound (/a/), so we use "an."