1. Intro to biological and cognitive psychology Flashcards
(12 cards)
What was Wundt’s idea about psychology?
The mind can be studied as a science
- experimental psychology using introspection
What are some issues with introspection?
- Not a science (human bias, not objective)
- Can’t be applied to many mental activities
- Can’t study animals or kids
What was behaviourisms central idea?
That behaviour is learned not innate
What is classical conditioning (experimenter and experiment) ?
Pavlov’s dogs
Salivation (conditional reflex) in response to food paired with bell
What is operant conditioning (experiment and experimenter)?
Skinner’s rats
Thorndike’s cats
Reinforcer- food, punishment= shock
Negative or positive reinforcement
Good outcome= repeat action
Bad outcome= avoid action
Who is Noam Chomsky and what did he do?
He argued against behaviourism - focusing on language
Language is learned by all children
- Human language has syntax which some is
likely innate
What is the central idea about cognitive psychology?
Says the mind is like an information processing device - commonly using box and arrow models
What are some methods of studying the brain?
-Experimental studies
-Neuroimaging
-Cases of individuals with acquired brain
damage
What is mental chronometry?
The idea you can measure how long a mental process takes to be carried out
Using controlled environments and reaction times
What does P value mean?
Probability of obtaining the result
smaller p value = stronger evidence findings aren’t due to chance
What does the term graceful degradation mean?
The idea the brain is some what protected against total wreckage
What is the difference between single and double dissociation?
Single - Investigates patient impaired in one domain and not in others
Double - Finds patient with opposite impairments
If double dissociation is found 2 mental domains are likely carried out in different domains
