1. Intro to Biomolecules

Question 1

What are the 4 classes of biomolecules

Answer 1

• amino acids
• lipids
• nucleotides
• carbohydrates

Question 2

Describe the sense of directionality

Answer 2

• monomers build up to polyemers in one direction
• all covalent bonds are in the same orientation
• asymmetry in bonds connecting monomers

Question 3

Describe H-bonding and the donor/acceptor relationship in water

Answer 3

• weaker than covalent bonds
• donor is the atom covalently attached to the hydrogen
• accpetor is the seconf EN atom with an appropriate (hybridized) lone pair

Question 4

How much H-bond donor and accpetor in water

Answer 4

2
- ~3 H-bond per water molecule

Question 5

what are the other types of non-covalent interactions

Answer 5

electrostatic forces
- ionic interactions
- hydrogen bonds
- van der waals

hydrophobic effects

Question 6

describe dipole-dipole interactions and london dispersion forces

Answer 6

d-d
- permenant
- between polar non-charged groups
- weaker than H-bonds

ldf
- between nonpolar molecules
- weaker than dipole-dipole interactions

Question 7

Describe the hydrophobic effect with non-polar compounds in water

entropy of water and the non-polar compound

Answer 7

• lower entropy with non-polar compoung
• higher entropy with water in environment
• favourable situation