1. Intro to Epid Flashcards
(19 cards)
Magnitude and pattern of occurrence
Distribution
Factors that influence health (e.g. biological, chemical, physical, social, cultural, economic, genetic and behavioral) and answers what contributes to disease patterns
Determinants
6-D’s of Health-related states and events
disease, death, disability, discomfort, dissatisfaction, destitution
Ultimate goal of epidemiology and/or public health
Prevention and control
Describe how disease occurs in the population
Descriptive epidemiology
Determinants of health-related states
Analytic epidemiology
Application of this study to the prevention and control of health problems.
Applied epidemiology
Establish causation of disease falls under ____
Descriptive epidemiology
Analytical
Applied
Analytical
Uses of epidemiology
- Establish causation of disease
- Characterize natural history of disease
- Describe health status of populations
- Evaluation of Health Interventions
Core epidemiologic functions
- Public health surveillance
- Field investigation
- Analytic studies
- Evaluation
- Linkages
- Policy development
health occurs as a balance of the 4 humors: Blood, Yellow Bile, Black Bile, Phlegm
Humorism
Miasmic Theory
“bad air” (miasma) is the cause of diseases e.g. The Black Death, Cholera
Who Rejected supernatural explanation of diseases, supported Miasmic Theory and Humorism
Hippocrates
Published a landmark mortality data in 1662– the first to quantify patterns of birth, death, and disease occurrence
John Graunt
Father of Medical Statistics
William Farr
Known for “Shoe-leather Epidemiology”- direct, door-to-door inquiry of the affected population
John Snow
His postulates lead to the germ theory of disease
Robert Koch
One of the pioneering research investigations of risk factors for coronary heart disease
Framingham Heart Study
Longitudinal study (50-year prospective study)
among male British physicians on the harmful effects of cigarette smoking including lung cancer and the benefits of smoking cessation
The British Doctors Study
