1. Introduction Flashcards
Learn Lecture 1 (20 cards)
What is the main motivation for using computer networks in organizations?
Sharing resources and facilitating communication.
Computer networks enable resource sharing (printers, files, applications) and allow for efficient communication and collaboration among users, increasing productivity and access to information
Which of the following is NOT an application of computer networks?
A) Video conferencing
B) Online banking
C) Local file storage only
D) E-learning
C) Local file storage only
Local file storage does not require a network, whereas video conferencing, online banking, and e-learning depend on networked communication
Computer networks can enable both resource sharing and remote access to data. (true or false?)
True
Networks allow resources to be shared and provide remote access capabilities, such as accessing files or desktops from different locations
In a client-server architecture, what is the primary role of the server?
A) To only store backup copies
B) To host, deliver, and manage resources for clients
C) To request services from clients
D) To always act as a peer
B) To host, deliver, and manage resources for clients
The server manages resources and provides services to clients, which request these resources
What are the main differences between client-server and peer-to-peer (P2P) models?
In client-server, a central server manages resources; in P2P, all nodes have equal privileges and share resources directly.
Client-server is centralized and controlled by servers, while P2P is decentralized with nodes acting as both clients and servers
Peer-to-peer networks are always less scalable than client-server networks. (true or false?)
False
P2P networks can be highly scalable as they do not depend on a central server, but scalability can depend on implementation and resource distribution
Which device is responsible for connecting different networks in a wide area network (WAN)?
A) Switch
B) Hub
C) Router
D) Modem
C) Router
Routers connect multiple networks and direct data packets between them, which is essential in WANs
Name two types of physical network media.
Twisted pair cables and fiber optics
Both are common types of physical media used for transmitting data in networks
Local Area Networks (LANs) typically use broadcast communication internally. ( true or false?)
True
LANs often use broadcast communication because they are limited in size and traffic is lighter, making broadcast feasible
What is the main limitation of using broadcast networks for large-scale communication?
A) High cost
B) Scalability issues and heavy traffic load
C) Incompatibility with modern hardware
D) Security
B) Scalability issues and heavy traffic load
Broadcast networks don’t scale well because sending all messages to every host increases traffic and causes collisions
Which of the following is a characteristic of circuit switching?
A) Data is sent in discrete packets
B) A dedicated communication path is established for the duration of the session
C) Data from multiple sources shares the same channel
D) No path is reserved in advance
B) A dedicated communication path is established for the duration of the session
Circuit switching reserves a path, while packet switching breaks data into packets that may travel different routes
Why is packet switching more efficient for Internet traffic than circuit switching?
Packet switching allows multiple packets from different sources to share the same network resources, increasing efficiency and flexibility.
This sharing leads to better utilization of bandwidth, unlike circuit switching, where resources are reserved even if not used
Which OSI layer is responsible for error detection and correction?
A) Physical
B) Data Link
C) Session
D) Presentation
B) Data Link
The data link layer detects and corrects errors that may occur in the physical layer transmission
The presentation layer is responsible for data encryption and compression.
True
The presentation layer handles translation, encryption, and compression of data formats to ensure interoperability between different systems
What is the main difference between the network layer and the transport layer in the OSI model?
The network layer manages routing and addressing between networks; the transport layer ensures reliable delivery of data between applications.
The network layer focuses on path finding and addressing, while the transport layer handles error recovery, segmentation, and flow control for end-to-end communication
Protocols define the format and meaning of data exchanged between peer entities, while services define what a layer can do for the layer above. (true or false?)
True
Services are the actions provided, protocols are the rules for how data is communicated
Which of the following applications typically requires a reliable network service?
A) Voice traffic
B) File transfer
C) Online gaming
D) Streaming video
B) File transfer
File transfer needs reliable and ordered delivery, while voice and streaming can tolerate some loss for real-time performance
What was one of the major design goals of the TCP/IP protocol suite?
To allow multiple networks to connect and communicate seamlessly.
TCP/IP was designed to enable internetworking among heterogeneous networks, which is fundamental to the Internet’s architecture
The TCP/IP model was developed as part of the ARPANET project.
True
TCP/IP was indeed developed for ARPANET, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense in the 1970s
