1. Key Concepts

Question 1

Front

Answer 1

Back

Question 2

Define ‘Society’ in the context of social sciences.

Answer 2

A network of people, groups, and institutions interacting in organized patterns.

Question 3

What are the components of society?

Answer 3

Individuals, groups, institutions (e.g., family, education, government).

Question 4

What are the scopes of society?

Answer 4

Local, national, regional, international.

Question 5

How does interaction occur within a society?

Answer 5

Through formal (laws, policies) and informal (norms, customs) means.

Question 6

What is ‘Culture’?

Answer 6

The shared knowledge, beliefs, values, customs, and behaviors that characterize a group.

Question 7

Name the elements of culture.

Answer 7

Beliefs and values, customs and traditions, symbols and language, norms and laws.

Question 8

Why is culture considered dynamic?

Answer 8

Because it adapts to internal and external influences.

Question 9

How is individual identity shaped?

Answer 9

By personal experiences, relationships, and social interactions.

Question 10

What is ‘Socialization’?

Answer 10

The process of learning societal norms and values.

Question 11

Define ‘Roles’ in society.

Answer 11

Expected behaviors associated with a position.

Question 12

What is ‘Status’ in a social context?

Answer 12

A social position, which can be ascribed (assigned at birth) or achieved.

Question 13

What does ‘Environment’ refer to in society and culture?

Answer 13

The natural and built surroundings in which society exists.

Question 14

How does the environment influence culture?

Answer 14

It shapes lifestyle, economic activities, and cultural practices.

Question 15

Why are attitudes towards the environment important?

Answer 15

They affect sustainability and development.

Question 16

What is the significance of ‘Time’ in society and culture?

Answer 16

Understanding past events to interpret the present and predict the future.

Question 17

What is meant by ‘Change and Continuity’?

Answer 17

Analyzing what has changed and what has remained the same over time.

Question 18

Define ‘Power’ in social terms.

Answer 18

The ability to influence or control others.

Question 19

List the forms of power.

Answer 19

Coercive, legitimate, referent, expert, reward.

Question 20

What is ‘Authority’?

Answer 20

The legitimate right to make decisions and enforce obedience.

Question 21

Name the sources of authority.

Answer 21

Legal-rational (laws), traditional (customs), charismatic (personal qualities).

Question 22

How is gender a social construct?

Answer 22

Gender roles and expectations are culturally defined.

Question 23

How does gender impact society?

Answer 23

It influences division of labor, access to resources, and social expectations.

Question 24

What are the components of identity?

Answer 24

Personal identity, social identity, cultural identity.

Question 25

How is identity formed?

Answer 25

Through socialization and personal experiences.

Question 26

Define 'Technologies' in society.

Answer 26

Tools and systems that aid human activity.

Question 27

How do technologies impact society?

Answer 27

By facilitating communication, driving innovation, and creating a digital divide.

Question 28

What is 'Globalisation'?

Answer 28

The process of increased interconnectedness among countries.

Question 29

List the aspects of globalisation.

Answer 29

Economic (trade, multinational corporations), cultural (spread of ideas, media), technological (rapid information exchange).

Question 30

What are the effects of globalisation?

Answer 30

Cultural homogenization, cultural resistance, and cultural revival.

Question 31

Name the agents of socialisation.

Answer 31

Family, education, peers, media, religion.

Question 32

What is a 'Social Construct'?

Answer 32

Ideas or perceptions created and accepted by society (e.g., race, gender roles).

Question 33

Why are social constructs significant?

Answer 33

They influence behaviors and societal expectations.

Question 34

What are the life stages in the life course?

Answer 34

Childhood, adolescence, adulthood, old age.

Question 35

Define 'Rights' in society.

Answer 35

Entitlements such as freedom of speech, education, and equality.

Question 36

What are 'Responsibilities' in a social context?

Answer 36

Duties like obeying laws, respecting others, and contributing to society.

Question 37

What is 'Kinship'?

Answer 37

Family relationships by blood, marriage, or adoption.

Question 38

List the functions of kinship.

Answer 38

Defines obligations and support systems, determines inheritance.

Question 39

What is 'Class' in social stratification?

Answer 39

Social stratification based on economic status.

Question 40

How does class impact individuals?

Answer 40

It affects access to resources, education, and opportunities.

Question 41

Define 'Ethnicity'.

Answer 41

Shared cultural heritage and identity.

Question 42

How does ethnicity influence individuals?

Answer 42

Through community belonging, traditions, and potential discrimination.