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Nursing 314: Assessing and Promoting Wellness > 1: Medication Administration > Flashcards

1: Medication Administration Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Therapeutic effect

A

expected or predicted physiological response

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2
Q

adverse effect

A

unintended, undesirable, often unpredictable

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3
Q

Types of adverse effects

A

side effects
toxic effects
idiosyncratic reaction

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4
Q

side effect

A

predictable, unavoidable, secondary effect

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5
Q

Toxic effect

A

accumulation of medication in the bloodstream

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6
Q

idiosyncratic reaction

A

Overreaction, underreaction, different reaction from normal

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7
Q

Allergic reaction

A

unpredictable response to a medication, can be life threatening

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8
Q

medication interactions

A

one medication modifies the action of another

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9
Q

medication tolerance

A

more medication required to achieve the same therapeutic effect

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10
Q

Medication dependence

A

Physical and psychological

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11
Q

Medication legislation and standards

A

federal regulations
state and local regulation of medication
nurse practice acts

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12
Q

PRN order must….

A

list indication, know why the patient is taking it

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13
Q

Type do communication for orders

A 
Handwritten 
Computer provider order entry
Preprinted
telephone 
verbal
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14
Q

When communicating order verbally or through the phone….

A

Nurse MUST repeat order back to the prescriber

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15
Q

Types of medication orders

A

automatic “stop” date
STAT order
Now order
PRN order

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16
Q

Automatic “stop” date

A

EX) taking an antibiotic daily for 5 days

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17
Q

STAT order

A

Give immediately

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18
Q

Now order

A

RN has up to 90 minutes to give the drug

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19
Q

PRN order

A

As needed

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20
Q

Cutting/crushing/opening medication can alter…

A

dose
delivery
absorption
efficacy

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21
Q

7 rights

A 
Time 
Patient
Route
Drug
Dose
Documentation
Indication
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22
Q

Basic 5 rights during the 3 checks

A 
Patient 
Drug
Dose 
Route 
Time
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23
Q

What makes a medication a high risk?

A

high risk of negative effect when used incorrectly

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24
Q

Examples of high risk medications

A 
Heparin/other anticoagulants 
Insulin 
Opioids 
Chemotherapy 
Psychotropic drugs
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25
What should you do when a medication error occurs
Asses patient condition and assess medication When patient is stable, report incident Document
26
What should you do when there is a near miss and incidents that cause no harm?
still report
27
Medication action
``` Onset peak trough plateau duration ```
28
Onset
time needed to produce a response
29
Peak
time needed to reach maximum efficacy
30
Trough
lowest blood level of drug immediately prior to next dose
31
Plateau
When the blood level of drug reaches a therapeutic level after repeated doses
32
Duration
time drug is present at a level to cause a response
33
Example of oral medication
Swallow sublingual buccal
34
Examples of topical medication
``` Ointment liniment lotion paste transdermal disk/patch ```
35
Examples of parenteral medication (via needle)
Intradermal subcutaneous intramuscular intravenous
36
Examples of instillation into body cavities
suppository/troche | creams/drops/ointments
37
Examples of inhalation medication
inhalers | nebulizers
38
Examples of intraocular medication
intraocular disc eye drops eye ointments
39
How to pick a syringe during parenteral administration
Use the smallest capacity syringe to administer required volume
40
2 things to consider when selecting a needle
Length and gauge
41
If medication is given intramuscularly, how long should the needle be?
longer needle in order to reach the muscle, or if individual has a higher fat content
42
Id medication is given subcutaneously, how long should the needle be?
Shorter than IM, but longer the ID, it's just below the skin and into the fat layer
43
Larger gauge number =
Smaller diameter
44
If blood is thick, what gauge is preferred? 16 or 25?
16G is preferred as it has a larger diameter
45
Intradermal route is ____ the skin layers
Between the skin laters
46
How long should the needle be for a intradermal route
Very short/fine gauge needle
47
What degree should intradermal be
5-10 degrees
48
a subcutaneous route is ____ the skin and ____ fat layer
below the skin and into the fat layer
49
Needle length for a subcutaneous
Slightly longer, larger gauge needle
50
What degree should a subcutaneous route be used?
45-90 degrees, however it depends on fat content
51
an individual with less fat, receiving a subcutaneous injection, should receive what degree?
45 degrees
52
an individual with a higher fat content, receiving a subcutaneous injection, should receive what degree
90 degree
53
Intramuscular injections require what kind of needle/gauge
Longer and same or larger gauge needles
54
What degree should an intramuscular injection be injected at
90 degrees!
55
When are intradermal injections used
Skin testing, like TB or allergies
56
what type of needle is used for a intradermal injection
Tuberculin or small hypodermic needle
57
Volume for intradermal injection
Very small, volume of 0.1 mL
58
What will form during a intradermal injection
A bleb/wheal will form as you inject
59
Sites for subcutaneous injection
abdomen, legs, back of arm, below scapula, top of buttocks
60
What type of injection absorbs faster?
Intramuscular
61
Aspiration
after insertion of needle, BEFORE INJECTION, pull back plunger to see if blood appears in syringe
62
preferred and safest site for all adults, children, and infants for injection
Ventrogluteal site
63
injection site used for adults and children, often used for infants, toddlers, and children receiving biologicals
Vastus lateralis
64
injection site for a volume less than 2 mL, not well developed in many adults
Deltoid
65
all intramuscular injections should be inserted at an angle of
90 degrees
66
What area of the body should IM not be used?
buttocks because high risk for injury to the sciatica and presence of major blood vessels near the site
67
Why are ampules used?
Ampules are 100% glass container and some medications interact with plastic or rubber
68
Steps for using an ampule
- snap at neck, PROTECT fingers with ampule opener, alcohol pad, gauze - USE filter to draw to capture shards - REMOVE or CHANGE needle prior to injecting into tissue, IV line, or IV bag
69
Should needles be recapped after they have been used?
NO!! but needles can be covered by a sheath/protective cover into the sharps container
70
What happens with unused needles?
They can be recapped, but use the scoop method to avoid poking finger

Nursing 314: Assessing and Promoting Wellness (26 decks)

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