1. Nomenclature

Question 1

-ane vs -ene vs -yne

Answer 1

single vs double vs triple bond

Question 2

Naming alcs vs aldehyde vs ketone vs carboxylic acids

Answer 2

hydroxy-for prefix, -ol for suffix vs oxo- for prefix, -al for suffix vs oxo- or -keto for prefix, -one for suffix vs carboxy- for prefix, -oic acid for suffix

Question 3

Common names of methanal, ethanal, propanal and propanone

Answer 3

formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, acetone

Question 4

Common names of methanoic acid, ethanoic acid and propanoic acid

Answer 4

formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid

Question 5

What and how to name esters?

Answer 5

looks like -COOH except “OH” = “OR”; “R”yl “parent”oate

-OR = alkoxy group where R represents a hydrocarbon
“R”yl = -OR, “parent”oate = -COOH

Question 6

What and how to name amides?

Answer 6

looks like -COOH except “OH” = “N”; amido- or carbamoyl- for prefix, -amide for suffix

Has N- as a locator as opposed to a carbon number

Question 7

What and how to name anhydrides?

Answer 7

forms from 2 carboxylic acids w/ H2O molec removed; take out “acid” and say “anhydride”

Question 8

Know what ethers, amines, esters, amides look like too

Answer 8

KNOW EM

Question 9

If you have 2 chains that are both longest, which chain do you use?

Answer 9

Pick a chain with most groups attached to it

Question 10

How do you name something with multiple groups?

Answer 10

Name by ABC order, not by number! You number it ABC order too with lowest number as possible

Question 11

How to name ethers?

Answer 11

Alkoxy alkane (-oxy = shorter chain, -ane = longer chain)

Question 12

n for prefix meaning

Answer 12

It means “nml”; just means a linear alkane

Question 13

Iso vs neo vs sec vs tert

Answer 13

When all carbons except 1 = in continuous chain vs when all carbons except 2 = in continuous chain vs when functional group = bonded to secondary carbon (ie. a C bonded to 2 other C’s), only useful for 4 carbon chain vs when functional group = bonded to tertiary carbon (ie. a C bonded to 3 other C’s)

Question 14

List priority of functional groups

Answer 14

CAs, anhydrides, esters, amides, ald, ket, alc, amines, ethers, alkenes, alkynes, alkanes

Alkenes and alkynes = tied except in cyclic cmpds where alkenes > alkynes

Question 15

Order of polarity of functional groups

Answer 15

CA, amide, alc, amine, ester, ket, ald, ether, alkane