1 Scientific Method & Microscopes

Question 1

What is biology?

Answer 1

the study of life

Question 2

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 2

A proposed explanation for a set of observations

Question 3

What is the difference between null and alternative hypothesis?

Answer 3

Null hypothesis has “no effect” while alternative hypothesis has “an effect”

Question 4

What is descriptive research investigations?

Answer 4

Detailed observations and measurements to describe the characteristics of a phenomenon, situation or population (uses quantitative-measure and qualitative data-senses)

Question 5

What is comparative research investigations?

Answer 5

Collecting data on different organisms and/or population in two groups, in attempt to draw a conclusion about them

Question 6

What is experimental research investigations?

Answer 6

Research conducted with a scientific approach using two sets of variables

Question 7

What is not included in a comparative research investigation?

Answer 7

Independent & dependent variables, control & experimental groups, and sometimes hypothesis & prediction

Question 8

What is not included in descriptive research investigations?

Answer 8

Control & Experimental group

Question 9

What are variables?

Answer 9

Factors that may be expected to change during the course of the experiment

Question 10

What is independent variable?

Answer 10

Variable that is manipulated or changed during the experiment

Question 11

What is dependent variable?

Answer 11

variable being tested and measured in respond to the independent variable

Question 12

What is standardized variable?

Answer 12

variable that remain the same and could have an influence on the outcome of the experiment

Question 13

What is the difference between experimental and control treatments?

Answer 13

In experiments treatments, the independent variable is manipulated and in control treatments, the independent variable is eliminated or set to a standard condition

Question 14

What publication helped advance microscopy?

Answer 14

Micrograph by Robert Hooke in 1665

Question 15

Which microscopes produce a 3-dimension image?

Answer 15

Stereoscopic or dissecting microscope & scanning electron microscope

Question 16

Which microscope produces a 2-dimension image?

Answer 16

Compound or light microscope & transmission electron microscope

Question 17

What is the magnification and resolution of stereoscopic microscope?

Answer 17

300 X and 120 nm

Question 18

What is the magnification and resolution of compound microscope?

Answer 18

2000X and 200nm

Question 19

What is the magnification and resolution of scanning electron microscope?

Answer 19

100,000X & 10nm

Question 20

What is the magnification and resolution of transmission electron microscope?

Answer 20

100,000X & 0.2 nm

Question 21

What is stereoscopic microscope used for?

Answer 21

To view the parts or entire organism (larger objects)
Ex: minerals or insects

Question 22

What is a compound microscope used for?

Answer 22

To view the small objects
ex: very small specimens or objects (can’t be seen with a naked eye)

Question 23

What is scanning electron microscope used for?

Answer 23

To view the outer features of small objects (coated with gold and black&white)
Ex: the surface of biological sample

Question 24

What is transmission electron microscope used for?

Answer 24

To view the inner features of small objects or thin sections of objects
ex: study internal ultrastructure of cells