1. The central nervous system

Question 1

Name all the lobes is the brain

Answer 1

Frontal
Parietal
Tempal
Occipital

Question 2

How is the CNS protected?

Answer 2

1. Bones -cranium and vertebral canal
2. The meninges
3. Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 3

Layers and function of the meninges

Answer 3

Three layers - dura matter, Pia matter - and arachnoid

Cushions cerebral cortex against the cranium.

Question 4

Function of cerebrospinal fluids

Answer 4

1. Protection - acts as a shock absorber
2. Support - buoyancy
3. Transport nutrition–> oxygen and glucose into cells / co2 and toxins out of cells

Question 5

How is cerebrospinal fluid formed?

Answer 5

Formed from blood in brain ventricles.

Contains few cells and some glucose, protein, urea and salts.

Question 6

What’s done with excess cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 6

It’s reabsorbed back into blood vessels

Question 7

What is white matter?

Answer 7

Myelinated

Question 8

What is grey matter

Answer 8

Unmyelinated

Question 9

Structure of the cerebrum?

Answer 9

1. Consist of all the lobes - parietal, temporal, occipital and frontal
2. Consist of 2-4mm of grey matter on the out side
3. White matter on the inside
4. Basal ganglia (grey matter) in the internal cerebrum

Question 10

What is the central nervous system consist of?

Answer 10

Th brain and the spinal cord

Question 11

Functions of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 11

1. Thinking, reasoning, and learning.
2. Memory
3. Intelligence
4. Sense of responsibility
5. Perception of sense
6. Imitation and control of voluntary muscle contractions

Question 12

3 functions of tracks?

Answer 12

1. Connect cortex areas within the same hemisphere.
2. Connect left and right hemispheres
3. Connect cortex to other parts of the brain or to the spinal cord

Question 13

Functional areas of the cerebral cortex

Answer 13

1. Sensory areas - interpret inputs from receptors
2. Motor areas - control muscular movement
3. Association areas - concerned with intellectual and emotional process

Question 14

What is the corpus callosum?

Answer 14

Wide band of tissue fibres that lies underneath the cerebrum at the base of the longitudinal fissure.

Nerve fibres connect the left and right hemispheres of the brain

Question 15

Where is the hypothalamus?

Answer 15

Middle of the brain

Question 16

Function of the hypothalamus?

name 7

Answer 16

Homeostasis –> is the maintenance of a constant internal environment.

Regulates:

• the automatic nervous system
• body temp
• good and water intake
• patterns of waking and sleeping
• contraction of the bladder
• emotional response
• secretion hormones

Question 17

Structure and function of the medulla oblongata?

Answer 17

Structure: continuation of the spinal cord just below base of brain

Function: automatically adjust many body functions:
- cardiac, respiratory, vasomotor –> diameter of blood vessels and expulsion centres

Question 18

Structure of the spinal cord?

Answer 18

Cylindrical tube from the foremen magnum to l2. 44cm long

Question 19

What is the foremen magnum?

Answer 19

The hole opening at the base of the skull for the spinal cord