(1) The nature or attributes of God Flashcards by Jamie Tinniswood

(KT) Omnipotent

All powerful

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(KT) Omniscient

All knowing

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(KT) Omnibenevolent

All loving and all good

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(KT) Eternal

Timeless, a temporal, being outside constraints of time

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(KT) Everlasting

Sempiternal, lasting forever on the same timeline as humanity

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(KT) Free Will

The ability to make independent choices between real options

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(KT) Existentialism

A way of thinking that emphasises personal freedom of choice

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(KT) Immutable

Incapable of changing or being affected

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Bible Quote for God’s intervention in the world

Genesis 6:13

- “God said to Noah, ‘I am going to put an end to all people’

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Plato influence on belief of God

Eternal realm

- Pleasure not purpose of existence

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Aristotle influence on belief of God

Telos of the universe

- God is caused

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Key difference between Ancient Greek and Judeo-Christian

Greek is philosophically proved, J-C is belief and trust

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Jewish Influence on God

Old T is anthropomorphised (made to seem like a human being)

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2 key scholars who agree God is omnipotent

Anselm, God is omnipotent as TTWNGCBC

- Descartes, Claimed God has ‘all perfections’ + perfect power

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J.L Mackie’s view of God’s Omnipotence

incoherent

- God can not do anything possible, omnipotence not attribute

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Descartes view of God’s Omnipotence

God can do anything, he is source of logic not subject to logic
We are limited

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1 problem + one scholar against Descartes view of omnipotence

problem of Free Will

- C.S Lewis says statements still are illogical even if u add ‘God can’

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Aquinas view on God defying what is logically possible

Misuse of language

- can do things which do not contradict reason

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Peter Vardy’s view of God’s power

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purposely created epistemic distance + limit power (eg. Jesus)

Brian Davies- Problem of Free Will

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If God is omniscient, he sees every event, can’t be wrong and that event is necessary

John Calvin predestination impact on God’s omniscience

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God has a plan for everyone
Plan for going Heaven and He’ll
No free will

Schleiermacher’s answer to problem of free will + problem

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God knows path, but doesn’t determine

- God would have to know first action to guess next

Boethius view of God’s eternity

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If God created in time, creation would be in God’s memory

- Not compatible with God because a perfect memory of event is not as perfect as a present reality

Boethius’ solution

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God is eternal, we are finite
God views all time simultaneously
‘lofty peak’

How Boethius solves free will problems

- ‘Future’ does not exist for God - Providential Knowledge, preserves creation - free will independent from God’s knowledge

2 strengths of Boethius’ solution

- Conserves omniscience, whilst having free will | - Consistent with omnipotent, timeless God would be perfect and unlimited

2 weaknesses of Boethius’ view

- God could not enter time | - God limited as he can’t see time through how we see it

Anselm’s four dimensionalism

- Time is 4th dimension of space which limits humans - we live in ‘presentist way’ - God is opposite, transcendent

2 types of knowledge (Anselm)

1) Preceding necessity - physical laws | 2) Following necessity- Following free will

Anselm’s view of God’s immanence

- God not separate from humans | - Self imposed limitation on omniscience and omnipotence

2 Successes of Anselm’s argument

- Human free will | - God more immanent than Boethius but with transcendence

Failure of Anselm’s argument

- No significant moment for God (eg. Jesus)

Swinburne’s criticism of Plato

- scholars too influenced by idea of goodness and unchanging

Swinburne’s everlasting argument (2 points)

1) God not immutable, to have relationships and to love 2) Simultaneous knowledge, Reduction ad absurdum - everlasting, in time

Swinburne’s view on omniscience and free will

- God can now present/ past and what is logically possible

2 Weaknessss of Swinburne’s argument

- Human could achieve God’s knowledge (logically possible) | - God had plan for Jesus + prophecies, Swinburne suggests not so

Examples of God not being Omnibenevolent

- Logical and evidential problem of evil: Mill - God Old T - Send people to hell

Bible quote for God’s love and goodness

- Genesis 1:31 | - “God saw everything that he had made and it was very good”

Richard Dawkins view of God of love

- Not presented as example of moral goodness | - Abraham and Isaac story = God’s curiosity whilst others suffer

Defence of God- reaction to Abraham/ Isaac

- Foreshadowing Jesus’ own sacrifice in same mountain | - Jesus us true better Isaac

Amalekite Genocide (1 Samuel 15)

- God commands kill all - God punishes Paul sparing some animals - God does not forgive him

Aquinas’ view on God’s love

- We talk about limited love, tiny proportion | - People = good resisting temptation, God can not be tempted

Moltmann view of love

- can’t fully understand God | - Jesus suffered, and God did

2 Problems with divine self

- Calvinist prefer sacrifice free will | - Dawkins says we should stop claiming God exists

William of Ockham’s view of God’s freedom

Had freedom before creation but limited it to allow free will

(1) The nature or attributes of God Flashcards

(45 cards)