1: Vertebrate Evolution, Diversity and Function

Question 1

Define Phylogenetic’s.

Answer 1

The derived versus ancestral characters; hypothesised evolutionary relationships (cladograms)

Question 2

What is Phylogentic’s systematics?

Answer 2

describes the evolutionary
relationships among organisms

Question 3

What is Apomorphy?

Answer 3

A derived character is a feature that differs from the
ancestral form, and is called an apomorphy

Question 4

What is Synamorphy?

Answer 4

An apomorphy that IS shared by at least two lineages and hence likely evolved in their common ancestor

Question 5

Define Convergent evolution

Answer 5

Similar traits evolving independently in two different lineages (not found in common ancestor)

Question 6

What is Plesiomorphy?

Answer 6

A shared ancestral character (unchanged from the
ancestral form) is called a plesiomorphy

Question 7

All species in an evolutionary
lineage (or clade) share a what?

Answer 7

derived character

Question 8

What are Analogous characters?

Answer 8

Analogous characters are similar in
form or function, but were not present
in the last common ancestor of those
groups. Typically results from a
process known as convergent
evolution

Question 9

What are Homologous characters

Answer 9

Homologous characters were derived from a shared ancestor