1. Were the peace treaties of 1919-23 fair?

Question 1

what where the aims of clemenceau

Answer 1

• france felt threatened since 1870
• france suffered huge loses during the first world war
• french people wanted to cripple germany
• they wanted revenge againt germany- clemenceu had to listen to public opinion

Question 2

aims of woodraw wilson

Answer 2

• idealist
• didnt want to punish harshly ( usa has suffereed little compares to other countries during war)
• wanted international coopoeration and peace
• he proposed 14 points including setting up leage of nations

Question 3

lloyd george aims

Answer 3

• occupied middle ground
• wanted germany to loose its navies and colonies to protect british empire
• wanted to resume trading with germany and avoid war

Question 4

terms of TofV guilt

Answer 4

germany had to accept sole responsability for starting the war

Question 5

term of TofV in reperations

Answer 5

germany had to pay 6600 million

Question 6

terms of TofV territory and colonies

Answer 6

germany lost its collonies to africa
alsace-lorraine would be returned to france
lithuania estonia and latvia became independant states

Question 7

terms of TofV armed forces

Answer 7

army was limited to 100,000 men, no conscription, only 6 battleships, rhinland was demilitersied, no aicraft or submarines or armoured vehicles

Question 8

terms of TofV league of nations

Answer 8

germany was not invited to be part of inernational police force league of nations

Question 9

how did the big 3 clash

Answer 9

clemenceu x wilson: clemeceu thought wilson was too soft on germany
clemenceu x lloyd: clemenceu was mad lloys didnt want ro treat germany harshly in europe
lloyd x wilson: lloyd did not agree with 2 points of the fourteen points which allowes all nations access to seas. believed self determination would threated british empires intrests

Question 10

what was the impact pf the treaty on germany politicaly

Answer 10

• elberts new german government was fragile
  -people disliked his agreement with the treaty which caused chaos
• many attemots to overthrow the government like the kapp putch, munich putch which failed
• france invaded the ruhr ( industrial area) to claim money which wanst being payed - many workers where killed
• germany blamed treaty of versailled for all the problems
• many spartacist uprising like rosa luxemburg

Question 11

impact of treaty on germany economicly

Answer 11

• germany fell behind on reperations
• lost territory like silesia, sudatenland
• german economy collapsed- hyperinflation
• people are loosing faith and hope in the economy

Question 12

what was the german reaction to the treaty

Answer 12

• people where horrified by it
• germans felt they had not lost the war
• did not want to sighn the treaty
• they did not understand why they sighned a cease fire
• through the guilt and reperations where unfair
• did not undertsand why only they had to dirarm
• felt insulted by not being allowed in to LofN

Question 13

a point to support the treaty of versailes

Answer 13

Germany had forced a very harsh treaty on Russia (Treaty of Brest-Litovsk) when they defeated them in 1918 – why should Versailles be any less harsh?

Question 14

what did clemeceu think of the treaty

Answer 14

accused of not being harsh enough so he was voted out in 1920

Question 15

lloys thoughts on treaty

Answer 15

The treaty was popular amongst the British people, however Lloyd George himself described it as ‘a great pity’ – he knew it was too harsh and would lead to future problems

Question 16

wilson thoughts on treaty

Answer 16

Wilson was very disappointed with the Treaty, and said that if he were German he wouldn’t have signed it. The US Congress refused to approve the Treaty and refused to join the League of Nations

Question 17

what is the reality of the fairness of the TofV

Answer 17

• its impossible to make everyone happy
• lead to 2 world war and fascist regime in germany
  british and french public would not be happy in treaty was less harsh