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D1 Fall Anatomy > 10/16: Esophagus, Stomach, and Duodenum > Flashcards

10/16: Esophagus, Stomach, and Duodenum Flashcards

1
Q

Cardia

A

Region in the esophagus that expands out into the stomach (close to the heart)

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2
Q

Fundus

A

Dome shaped top of the body, no functional significance

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3
Q

What part of the stomach can be easily visualized on a radiograph?

A

Fundus because trapped air bubble

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4
Q

Which part of the stomach has the largest diameter?

A

Body

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5
Q

Antrum

A

Lower part of the stomach

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6
Q

Angular incisure

A

Where the stomach starts to become horizontal

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7
Q

Pylorus

A

Transition form the stomach to the duodenum via pyloric sphincter
Valve that controls flow of stomach contents into the duodenum, midling

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8
Q

Greater curvature

A

From esophagus down to left margin

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9
Q

Lesser curvature

A

shorter down right side of the body

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10
Q

Where do both curvatures meet?

A

At pylorus where stomach mesenteries are attached to help bring blood and nerve supply to stomach

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11
Q

The stomach is entirely ________________

A

Intraperitoneal (mesenteric)

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12
Q

What is the stomach suspended by

A

Mesenteries, but is otherwise freely mobile

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13
Q

What is the stomach covered with

A

Visceral peritoneum

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14
Q

Duodenum

A

10-12 inches long, c-shaped curve, containing 4 segments

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15
Q

How many segments does the duodenum have

A

4

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16
Q

How many segments of the duodenum have a mesentary

A

First has a mesentary and the others are secondarily retroperitoneal

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17
Q

What is attached at the 2nd segment of the duodenum?

A

Pancreas head is attached here

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18
Q

Omental foramen

A

passage way behind lesser omentum behind 2nd segment

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19
Q

Where is the location of the Foregut to midgut transition

A

Between second and 3rd segments

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20
Q

Omentum

A

important in supplying nerve and blood supply to mesenteric organs

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21
Q

Lesser omentum

A

Double layered fold that will suspend the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver

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22
Q

What is the location of the lesser omentum

A

From esophagus, across stomach, to first segment of the duodenum

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23
Q

What does the lesser omentum contain

A

Gastric arteries

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24
Q

Greater omentum

A

Large double layered fold that is attached to greater curvature

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25
Q

What is the function of the greater omentum

A

Reserve body fat and can stick to repair bleeding or inflamed abdominal organs as well as carry important vessels

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26
Q

Why is the greater omentum thick and yellow

A

Because of fat, varies depending on bodies composition

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27
Q

What does the greater omentum contain

A

Gastrophrenic mesenteric segment
Gastrosplenic ligament
Gastrocolic ligament

28
Q

What kind of arteries does the gastrophrenic mesenteric segment have

A

No arteries

29
Q

What kind of arteries does the gastrosplenic ligament have

A

Short gastric arteries

30
Q

What kind of arteries does the gastrocolic ligament have

A

Gastromental artery

31
Q

Where does the foregut blood supply come from

A

The celiac artery and its branches

32
Q

What does the celiac trunk originate from

A

Median arcuate ligament

33
Q

What are the 3 branches of the celiac trunk

A

left gastric, splencic, and common hepatic

34
Q

Left gastric artery

A

Runs retroperitoneally and gives off branch to supply distal esophagus
Rest of it runs along left side of the lesser curvature of stomach to body and upper antrum

35
Q

Splenic artery

A

Major blood supply to spleen (and most pancreas), runs posteriorly to stomach

36
Q

What does the splenic artery branch off to

A

Short gastric artery and L gastromental artery

37
Q

What does the short gastric artery supply

A

Fundus and upper body of stomach

38
Q

What does the L gastromental artery supply

A

Greater curvature of stomach

39
Q

What does the common hepatic artery branch into

A

hepatic artery proper (upwards) and gastroduodenal (downwards)

40
Q

What does the hepatic artery proper supply

A

Liver

41
Q

What does the hepatic artery proper split into

A

Left and right hepatic arteries that supply liver tissue

42
Q

Cystic artery

A

Supplies gallbladder. Comes off right hepatic

43
Q

Right gastric artery

A

first branch that supplies upper margin of antrum and right side of lesser curvature

44
Q

What does the Gastroduodenal artery supply

A

supplies stomach, duodenum, and pancreas

45
Q

What does the gastroduodenal artery split into

A

Branches that run in front or behind the duodenum

46
Q

What artery is in front of the gut tube

A

Superduodenal artery

47
Q

What does the superduodenal artery supply

A

Upper margin of 1st segment of duodenum

48
Q

What arteries are behind the gut tube

A

Right gastromental artery
Anterior and posterior superior pancreaticodudoenal arteries

49
Q

What does the right gastromental artery anastomose with

A

Left gastromental

50
Q

What does the right gastromental artery supply

A

Bottom of greater curvature

51
Q

What do the anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries supply

A

Lesser curvature of duodenum and pancreas

52
Q

What is the peritoneal cavity divided into

A

Lesser Sac
Greater Sac

53
Q

Lesser sac

A

trapped in posterior part of upper abdomen. Between stomach and pancreas

54
Q

Greater sac

A

From diaphragm to pelvis in the front

55
Q

Omental foramen

A

Communication between lesser and greater sacs

56
Q

What are the lesser sac boundaries

A

Ceiling
Floor
Front wall, back wall, right wall, left wall

57
Q

Ceiling

A

created by liver

58
Q

Floor

A

created by transverse mesocolon

59
Q

Front wall

A

Created by lesser omentum and stomach itself

60
Q

Back wall

A

created by panacreas

61
Q

Right wall

A

Created by venous structures. Omental foramen massage way through the right wall

62
Q

Left wall

A

Made up of spleen mesenteries lienorenal and gastrosplenic ligaments

63
Q

Leinorenal ligament

A

bridges spleen to liver area posterior abdominal wall

  • tail of pancreas points out and is in the lienorenal ligament
  • how splenic vessels reach the spleen since it is mesenteric
64
Q

Gastrosplenic ligament

A

Bridges between greater curvature and hilum of spleen

65
Q

Hepatoduodenal ligament

A

Bridge for porta hepatis structures to use to get from the liver and get behind the duodenum reptroperitoneally to be able to enter into the second segment

D1 Fall Anatomy (19 decks)

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