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10 group 7 Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

what are group 7 elements called?

A

halogens

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2
Q

describe what fluorine looks like

A

pale yellow gas

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3
Q

describe what chlorine looks like

A

pale green gas

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4
Q

describe what bromine looks like

A

orange/brown liquid

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5
Q

describe what iodine looks like

A

grey solid

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6
Q

what happens to boiling point down group 7? why?

A

increases due to increased van de waals forces

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7
Q

what is the trend in electronegativity down group 7? why?

A

decreases due to atomic radius increasing and more shielding

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8
Q

what is the trend in reactivity down group 7?

A

decreases

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9
Q

do halogens get more or less oxidising when going down group 7?

A

less oxidising

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10
Q

what is the rule for halide displacement reactions?

A

if the halide is lower than the halogen in the periodic table, halogen will displace

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11
Q

what does KBr react with? write an equation and the observation

A

Cl2
Cl2 + 2Br- -> 2Cl- + Br2
orange solution made

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12
Q

what does KI react with?

A

Cl2 and Br2

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13
Q

write the equation and state the observation of the reaction of KBr with Cl2

A

Cl2 + 2Br- -> 2Cl- + Br2
orange solution made

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14
Q

write the equation and state the observation of the reaction of KI with Br2

A

Br2 + 2I- -> 2Br- + I2
brown solution

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15
Q

what is the chemical name for bleach?

A

sodium chlorate
NaClO

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16
Q

write the equation for bleach

A

2NaOH + Cl2 -> NaClO + NaCl + 2H2O

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17
Q

what type of reaction is the one for bleach?

A

disproportionation reaction

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18
Q

what is a disproportionation reaction?

A

a reaction where an element is both oxidised and reduced

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19
Q

what is reduced and oxidised in the reaction for bleach?

A

Na

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20
Q

how can you kill bacteria in water?

Study These Flashcards
A

by adding chlorine gas

21
Q

what is the equation for the reaction between water and chlorine?

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A

H2O + Cl2 -> 2H+ + Cl- + ClO-

22
Q

what kind of reaction is the reaction used to kill bacteria in water?

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A

disproportionation reaction

23
Q

what is both reduced and oxidised in the reaction for killing bacteria in water?

24
Q

what are the disadvantages for putting chlorine in drinking water?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. toxic (irritates respiratory system)
  2. liquid chlorine causes chemical burns
25
what are the advantages for putting chlorine in drinking water?
1. destroys microorganisms that cause disease 2. long lasting so reduces bacteria build up 3. reduces growth of algae
26
which, out of I- and F-, is a more powerful reducing agent? why?
I- more powerful because it is at the bottom of group 7 and has a larger atomic radius so the outer electron can be lost more easily
27
what are two tests that can be used to prove the trend in reducing agents down group 7?
1. reaction with sulfuric acid 2. reaction with silver nitrate
28
write the equations for how sodium Cl, Br, I and F all react with sulfuric acid
1. H2SO4 + NaCl -> NaHSO4 + HCl 2. H2SO4 + NaBr -> NaHSO4 + HBr 3. H2SO4 + NaI -> NaHSO4 + HI 4. H2SO4 + NaF -> NaHSO4 + HF
29
what reacts with H2SO4 to make SO2?
Br and I
30
what reacts with H2SO4 to make S?
I
31
hat reacts with H2SO4 to make H2S?
I
32
write the equation for the reaction between H2SO4 and Br to make SO2 and state the observation
H2SO4 + 2H+ + 2Br- -> Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O brown fumes of Br2
33
write the equation for the reaction between H2SO4 and I to make SO2 and state the observation
H2SO4 + 2H+ + 2I- -> I2 + SO2 + 2H2O acidic gas and black solid iodine
34
write the equation for the reaction between H2SO4 and I to make S and state the observation
H2SO4 +6H+ + 6I- -> 3I2 + S + 4H2O yellow solid of sulfur
35
write the equation for the reaction between H2SO4 and I to make H2S and state the observation
H2SO4 + 8H+ + 8I- -> 4I2 + H2S + 4H2O rotten egg smell and black solid iodine
36
write the equation for silver ions reaction with F- give state symbols and state observation
Ag+ (aq) + F- (aq) -> AgF (aq) colourless solution
37
write the equation for silver ions reaction with Cl- give state symbols and state observation
Ag+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) -> AgCl (s) white precipitate
38
write the equation for silver ions reaction with Br- give state symbols and state observation
Ag + (aq) + Br- (aq) -> AgBr (s) cream precipitate
39
write the equation for silver ions reaction with I- give state symbols and state observation
Ag + (aq) + I- (aq) -> AgI (s) yellow precipitate
40
what does Br2 look like?
brown fumes
41
what does S look like?
yellow solid
42
what is the observation for H2S?
rotten egg smell
43
what do AgF, AgCl, AgBr and AgI look like?
AgF = colourless solution AgCl = white precipitate AgBr = cream precipitate AgI = yellow precipitate
44
what is the formula for sulfates and how do you test for them? what observation is a positive result?
SO4 2- add HCl then BaCl2 white ppt
45
what is the formula for hydroxides and how do you test for them? what observation is a positive result?
OH- red litmus/universal indicator litmus: blue indicator: blue/purple
46
what is the formula for carbonates and how do you test for them? what observation is a positive result?
CO3 2- add HCl effervesence with CO2 (limewater turns cloudy)
47
what is the formula for ammonium and how do you test for them? what observation gives a positive result?
NH4+ add NaOH and put damp red litmus over ammonia gas will turn litmus blue
48
how do you test for group 2 ions and what are the observations for Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+?
flame tests Ca2+ = brick red Sr2+ = red Ba2+ = pale green

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