10 - Intro to the Elbow

Question 1

What joints make up the elbow?

Answer 1

Humeroulnar
Radiohumeral
Proximal radioulnar

Question 2

How much percentage of loss of flexion would limit our hand to mouth function?

Answer 2

20-30 degrees

Question 3

What type of tilt does the distal humerus have and why?

Answer 3

A more valgus tilt as the medial aspect is more distal

Question 4

What processes contribute to the articular stability of the elbow?

Answer 4

The coranoid and olecranon processes

Question 5

What type of joint is the humeroulnar joint?

Answer 5

Synovial, compound and modified sellar joint (one degree of freedom)

Question 6

What is the humeroulnar joints closed packed position?

Answer 6

full extension and supination

Question 7

What is the humeroulnar joints open packed position?

Answer 7

70 degrees of flexion and 10 degrees of supination

Question 8

True or false, you will lose flexion before extension at the humeroulnar joint

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Flexion of the elbow come with conjunct _______

Answer 9

Adduction

Question 10

Extension of the elbow comes with conjunct _____

Answer 10

Abduction

Question 11

What causes the conjunct movements at the elbow?

Answer 11

Shape of trochlear groove

Question 12

In flexion of the elbow what way does the ulna slide and roll/

Answer 12

Anteriorly

Question 13

In elbow extension what way does the ulna slide and roll?

Answer 13

Posteriorly

Question 14

What type of joint is the radiohumeral joint?

Answer 14

Synovial
Compound
Unmodified ovoid (3 degrees of freedom but really only acts in one)

Question 15

What is the closed packed position of the radiohumeral joint?

Answer 15

90 degrees of flecion and 5 degrees of supination

Question 16

What is the loose packed position of the radiohumeral joint?

Answer 16

full extension and supination

Question 17

True or false: with the radiohumeral joint you would lose extension before flexion

Answer 17

False, you would lose flexion before extension

Question 18

What direction does the radius slide and roll move in flexion of the elbow

Answer 18

Anteriorly

Question 19

True or false: in elbow extension the radius slides proximally and rolls

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What type of joint is the proximal radioulnar?

Answer 20

Synovial
Compound
Modified sellar joint (one degree of freedom)

Question 21

What is the closed packed position of the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 21

full pronation or full supination

Question 22

What is the loose packed position of the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 22

35 degrees of supination and 70 degrees of flexion

Question 23

True or false: you will lose supination and pronation equally at the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What secures the head of the radius to the radial notch on the ulna?

Answer 24

The annular ligament

Question 25

When the forearm pronates what are the arthrokinematics of the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 25

Posterior slide and roll

Question 26

When the forearm supinates what are the arthrokinematics of the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 26

Anterior slide and roll

Question 27

When you pronate what way does spin occur at the radiohumeral joint?

Answer 27

Medially (internally)

Question 28

When you supinate what way does the spin occur at the radiohumeral joint?

Answer 28

Laterally (externally)

Question 29

What muscles are in the flexor pronator group?

Answer 29

``` Pronator teres Flexor Carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor digitorum profundus Pronator quadratus? ```

Question 30

What muscles are in the extensor supinator group?

Answer 30

``` Brachioradialis (functionally a flexor) Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris Anconeus Supinator ```

Question 31

What is an age related condition that can occur in children up to the age of 10 that affects the elbow

Answer 31

Panner's Disease Affects the male surface (capitulum) Decrease blood supply causes cartilage and subchondral bone death

Question 32

What elbow condition is common in people aged 15-20 years old?

Answer 32

Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD)

Question 33

What is the common name for lateral epicondylitis and what age population is it commonly found in?

Answer 33

Tennis Elbow, 35+ years old

Question 34

What is the common name for medial epicondylitis?

Answer 34

Golfers elbow

Question 35

What is the carrying angle?

Answer 35

The angle formed between the long axis of the humerus and long axis of the ulna

Question 36

Who has a greater carrying angle males or females?

Answer 36

Females

Question 37

True or false: males typically have a carrying angle of greater than 10 degrees

Answer 37

False, anything greater than 10 degrees in males is possibly an issue

Question 38

At what point do you have the greatest valgus position of the elbow?

Answer 38

Full extension

Question 39

At what point do you have the least valgus position of the elbow?

Answer 39

Full flexion

Question 40

True or false: in full extension the medial and lateral epicondyles make a straight line with the olecranon?

Answer 40

True