10 - Ops Planning Flashcards
(174 cards)
1
Q
Lines of Operation
A
- Traditional military concept used w/in the operational design of military planning
- Per JP 5-0, “A line that defines the interior or exterior orientation of the force in relation to the enemy or that connects actions on nodes and/or decisive points related in time and space to an objective”
2
Q
DoDIN Operations
A
- Actions taken to design, build, configure, secure, operate, maintain, and sustain DOD communications systems and networks in a way that creates and preserves data CIA as well as user authentication and non-repudiation
- Threat Agnostic
- Cyberspace Security
3
Q
DCO
– Descriptions
A
- CO intended to defend DoD or other friendly cyberspace
- Preserve ability to utilize friendly cyberspace
- Includes outmaneuvering adversaries, or responding to internal/external threats
4
Q
DCO
– Types
A
- Internal Defensive Measures
– Actively hunting advanced internal threats w/in DODIN
– Threat Specific
– Cyberspace Defense - DCO Response Actions (DCO-RA)
– Authorized actions external to DODIN in response to ongoing or imminent threats
– Threat Specific
– Cyberspace Exploitation/Attack - Countermeasures
– ID source of a threat and use non-intrusive techniques to stop/mitigate offensive activity
5
Q
OCO
– Description
A
- Ops intended to project power by the application of force
- Authorized like physical offensive ops via EXORD
- Requires deconfliction IAW current policies
- Deny, Degrade, Disrupt, Destroy, Manipulate
- Cyberspace Exploitation/Attack
6
Q
Joint Planning Process
– General
A
- Deliberate process of determining how to use military capabilities in time and space to achieve objectives while considering associated risks
- IDs ops the POTUS can integrate to achieve national objectives
- Provides options that offer the highest probability for success
- Enables efficient use of limited resources
- orderly, analytical set of logical steps to frame a problem, create/select COAs, and make a plan
- Process steps may be concurrent, truncated, or modified as necessary
7
Q
Joint Planning Process
– Strategic Level
A
- Provides POTUS/SECDEF options on the use of military to address national interests and NSS/DSR objectives
8
Q
Joint Planning Process
– Operational Level
A
- Ties training, mobilization, deployment, etc. of joint forces to military objectives contributing to national security objectives/national interests
9
Q
Joint Planning Process
– Steps
A
- Planning Initiation
- Mission Analysis
- COA Development
- COA Analysis and Wargaming
- COA Comparison
- COA Approval
- Plan or Order Development
10
Q
Planning Initiation (JPP)
– Begins how?
A
- Begins in two ways:
– appropriate authority sees potential for military action ISO national objectives or a potential/actual crisis
– POTUS, SECDEF, or CJCS directs military planning in response to operational environment or developing/immediate crisis
11
Q
Mission Analysis (JPP)
– Begins when?
– Determines (6)
A
- Starts when CC receives mission tasking
- Must determine:
– Forces/assets needed to support the op
– Tasks required for mission accomplishment
– Will mission achieve desired results
– Purpose of mission
– Limitations on actions
– How to know when mission is accomplished successfully
12
Q
Mission Analysis (JPP)
– Key Components (5)
A
- Constraints
– “Must do”; action dictated by higher command - Restraints
– “Cannot do”; action prohibited by higher command - Facts
– Information known to be true - Assumptions
– Supposition about current situation/future events; presumed true - Mission Statement
– Who, what, when, where, and why of a mission
13
Q
COA
– Description
– Describes (4):
A
- Potential way to accomplish assigned mission
- Multiple COAs provide options to CC
- Should accomplish mission w/in CCs guidance, provide flexibility, and position forces for future ops
- Describes:
– Actions throughout campaign/op
– Size of forces necessary
– Time in which capabilities must be brought to bear
– Risks associated
14
Q
COA
– Components (10)
A
- Available forces
- Organizations/Units
- Objectives
- Key tasks and purpose
- Timeline
- Sustainment concept
- Operational Environment
- Synchronization efforts
- Main and supporting efforts
- Risk
15
Q
COA
– Test Criteria (5)
A
- Adequate
- Feasible
- Acceptable
- Distinguishable
- Complete
16
Q
Adequate (COA test)
A
- Can accomplish the mission w/in CC’s guidance
- Asks:
– Does it accomplish the mission?
– Does it meet the CC’s intent?
– Does it accomplish all the essential tasks?
– Does it meet the conditions for the end state?
17
Q
Feasible (COA test)
A
- Can accomplish the mission w/in the established time, space, and resource limitations
18
Q
Acceptable (COA test)
A
- Must balance cost/risk with advantage gained
19
Q
Distinguishable (COA Test)
A
- Must be sufficiently different from other COAs:
– Focus or direction of main effort
– Scheme of maneuver
– Sequential vs simultaneous maneuvers
– Primary mechanism for mission accomplishment
– Task organization
20
Q
Complete (COA Test)
A
- Does it answer who, what, where, when, how, and why?
- Incorporates:
– Objectives, desired effects, tasks
– Major forces required
– Concepts for deployment, employment, sustainment
– Time estimates for achieving objectives
– Military end state and mission success criteria
21
Q
COA Analysis and Wargaming (JPP)
A
Analysis
- Closely examining potential COAs to ID COAs that are valid and ID pros/cons of each
- CC and staff analyze each COA separately
- Should reaffirm validity and determine feasibility and acceptability
Wargaming
- Representation of conflict in synthetic environment
- Allows CC, staff, and sub CCs/staff to gain common understanding of friendly/enemy COAs/actions that may work in opposition to achieving objectives/end state conditions
22
Q
COA Comparison (JPP)
– Description
A
- Subjective process whereby COAs are independently evaluated against CC’s criteria
- Facilitates CC’s decision-making process by balancing ends, means, ways, and risk
- Helps CC determine:
– Differences
– Pros/cons
– Risks
23
Q
COA Comparison (JPP)
– Key Input
– Key Output
A
- Key Inputs
– Advantages and disadvantages
– Wargaming results
– Evaluation criteria
– Revised staff estimates - Key Outputs
– Evaluated COAs
– Recommended COA
– COA selection rationale
– Revised staff estimates
– Refined CC’s critical information requirements
– Synchronized matrices
24
Q
COA Approval (JPP)
– Description
A
- Staff determines preferred COA to recommend to CC
- Staff briefs CC on comparison, analysis, and wargaming results
– Brief should include supporting info used in COA development
25
COA Approval (JPP)
-- CC Options
- Concur w/ recommendation
- Concur, w/ modifications
- Select a different COA
- Combine COAs
- Reject all and start over
- Defer decision and consult w/ staff/CCs prior to deciding
26
Plan or Order Development (JPP)
- Concept of Operations (CONOPS) - clearly and concisely expresses **what CC intends to accomplish and how**
-- Describes **how** actions of joint force components/supporting orgs will be **integrated**, including **plan branches and sequels**
27
Deliberate Planning
- Planning developed in **non-crisis** situations ISO future events
- Create several COAs, each containing CONOPS w/ minimum of:
-- Major capabilities required
-- Task organization
-- Tasks accomplished by components
-- Concept of employment
-- Assessment of risk
- Planning has **>=6 months**
28
Crisis Action Planning
- **Driven by an incident/situation**
-- Typically develops rapidly and occurs w/ little/no warning
- Activities/functions may occur simultaneously
- First directive may be DEPORD or EXORD if crisis is very time critical or COA is very obvious
- Planning has **<6 months**
29
Special Access Program (SAP)
- Established and maintained **when absolutely necessary** to **protect the most sensitive** DoD capabilities, information, technologies, and operations or when required by statute
30
Acknowledged SAP
- **Affirmed, or made known** to others, but its details are classified
31
Unacknowledged SAP
- Protective controls ensuring the existence of the program is **not acknowledged, affirmed, or made known** to any unauthorized person
32
Acquisition SAP
- Protects **sensitive research, development, testing, evaluation, modification, or procurement** activities
33
Apportioned SAP
- Formally **included in the IJSTO** process for CC
34
Intelligence SAP
- Protect **planning and execution** of **sensitive intel or CI ops**
35
Operations and Support SAP
- Protect the **planning** for, **execution** of, and **support** to especially **sensitive military ops**
36
Waived SAP
- **SECDEF** has **waived applicable reporting**
- Even more restrictive reporting and access
- Adverse effect to national security
37
DoD Special Access Program Central Office (DoD SAPCO)
- **Execute, manage, administer, oversee, and maintain** SAP records
- **Develop and implement policies** and procedures for **oversight, execution, security, IA, and records** for their SAP
- Forwards request of approval for action related to SAP to SecDef/Deputy SecDef
38
Integrated Joint Special Technical Operations (IJSTO)
- Overarching **formal process and management** of SAPs
- **Oversight Authority (OA)** can endorse **apportionment** into or **de-apportionment** out of IJSTO
- While in IJSTO, **must be reported in SAP annual report** to congress
- Must **provide justification** when a capabilitiy in IJSTO is no longer available (why, or that it was deemed no longer requiring SAP security protections)
39
SecDef
- **Principal assistant** to the President in **all DoD matters**
- **Authority for all functions in DoD** and component agencies (Joint Chiefs of Staff, CJCS, Joint Staff, Mil Departments)
40
Combatant (unified) Commands
-- Description
- Established to **perform military missions**
- Established by **POTUS, through SecDef, w/ advice from CJCS**
- Perform **broad continuing mission** under a **single commander**
41
Geographic Combatant Commands
-- List
- USAFRICOM
- USCENTCOM
- USEUCOM
- USNORTHCOM
- USSOUTHCOM
- USINDOPACOM
42
USAFRICOM
- Military relations w/ **African nations, African Union, and African regional security orgs**
- **Protects/defends U.S./interests** by strengthening African nations
- Increase security while **deterring/defeating transnational threats**
43
USCENTCOM
- Ops in 20 countries in the "central" area of the globe
- Utilize national/international partnerships to **build cooperation among nations, respond to crisis, deter/defeat threats, and support development** to **increase stability**
44
USEUCOM
- Works w/ **NATO**
- Operates in **Europe, parts of Middle East and Eurasia**
- **Coordinates cooperative solutions** in peace and wartime
- Coordinates **training missions**
- Provides **humanitarian assistance**
- Develops **strategies to promote peace/stability** in the region
45
USNORTHCOM
- **U.S., Alaska, Mexico, Canada, portions of Caribbean and surrounding waters**
- **Civil support** and **homeland security**
- Oversees **NORAD**
- **Few permanent forces**; assigned forces by SecDef or POTUS as needed
46
USSOUTHCOM
- **Central America, South America, and Caribbean**
- **Contingency planning, ops, and security cooperation**
- **Force protection** of U.S. military resources
- Ensures defense of **Panama Canal**
- **Joint command > 1200 mil/civilian personnel** from all branches + fed agencies
47
USINDOPACOM
- AOR from **U.S. west coast to western border of India, and from Antarctica to North Pole** (36 nations)
- **Promote development** of the region
- **Enhance security, deter aggression, respond w/ force** (when necessary), **provide humanitarian assistance**
48
Functional Combatant Commands
-- List
- USSOCOM
- USSTRATCOM
- USTRANSCOM
- USCYBERCOM
49
USSOCOM
- Plans and conducts **special operations**
- **Short duration** strikes and **small-scale** offensives
- Special reconnaissance
- Unconventional warfare
- Foreign internal defense
- Civil affairs operations
- Counterterrorism
- Psychological Operations
- Information Operations
- Counter-proliferation of WMD
- Security force assistance
- Counterinsurgency
- **Specific activities directed by POTUS/SECDEF**
50
USSTRATCOM
- Conducts **global** operations to **deter and detect** strategic attacks against the U.S.
- Commands U.S. **nuclear capabilities**, space ops, global **surveillance/recon**, intel, communications, computers, global **missile defense**, and **combatting WMDs**
51
USTRANSCOM
- Provides DoD w/ an aggregate of **transportation capabilities and assets**
- Enables **diverse array of joint mobility** missions
52
USCYBERCOM
- Directs **ops and defense** of DoD **information networks**
- Prepare to/conduct cyberspace ops to **enable actions in all domains**
- Ensure US/allied **freedom of action** in cyberspace, and deny the same to adversaries
- Centralize command of cyber ops, strengthen cyber capes, and integrate cyber expertise
53
Subordinate Unified Command
- Authorized by **SecDef**, through CJCS
- Geographical **or** functional
- CC's of subordinate unified commands have similar responsibilities/missions to component CCs w/in a unified CCMD
54
Cyber Support Element (CSE)
- Organized from USCYBERCOM forces **deployed to other CCMDs**
- **Facilitate development** of cyber reqs
- **Coordinate, integrate, and deconflict CO** in the CC's planning process
- Provide CCMDs an **interface/reachback capability** to USCYBERCOM
- Submit **target development nominations** to the supported CCMD
55
Combatant Command (COCOM, authority)
- **Cannot** be delegated
- Vested **only** in **CCs of CCMDs** by **Title 10, USC, Section 164**
- Authoritative direction over
**all aspects of military ops, joint training, and logistics**
- Authority to organize/employ commands and forces, assign tasks, and designate objectives
56
Operational Control (OPCON)
- **May** be delegated
- Authority for **all operational aspects**
- Does **not include** logistics, admin discipline, internal organization, or unit training
57
Tactical Control (TACON)
- **May** be delegated
- Authority to give **direction for military operations** and the **control of designated forces**
58
Support (authority)
- Command authority
- Established by a common superior CC between subordinate CCs when **one organization should aid, protect, complement, or sustain another**
- May be exercised at any command level
- **Conveys priorities** to CCs/staff that are planning/executing joint ops
59
Warfare
- Mechanism, method, or modality of armed conflict against an enemy
60
Traditional Warfare
- Characterized as a violent struggle for **domination between nation-states or coalitions** and alliances of nation-states
61
Irregular Warfare
- Characterized as a violent struggle among **state and non-state actors** for **legitimacy and influence** over the relevant populations
62
Levels of Warfare
-- Description
- Helps commanders visualize a **logical arrangement of operations, allocate resources, and assign tasks** to appropriate commands
63
Strategic (Level of Warfare)
- Idea(s) for **employing the instruments of national power** in a synchronized and integrated fashion **to achieve theater and multinational objectives**
- National guidance addresses strategic objectives ISO strategic end states
64
Operational (Level of Warfare)
- **Links strategy to tactics** by **establishing operational objectives** needed to achieve military end states/strategic objectives
- Focused on **planning and execution** using operational art
65
Operational Art
- **Cognitive approach** by CCs and staff--supported by their skill, knowledge, experience, creativity, and judgement--**to develop strategies, campaigns, and ops** to organize and employ military forces
66
Tactical (Level of Warfare)
- **Employment and ordered arrangement of forces** in relation to each other
- **Battles and engagements** are planned and executed to achieve mil objectives
- Forces generally **employ various tactics** to achieve objectives
67
Institutional (Level of Warfare)
- Nation's miliary services **develop material and non-material capabilities**, to include technology and people, to execute the other levels of warfare
68
TTPs
- **Fundamental building blocks** of military activity
- **Actions that generate effects**
- Tactical actions are the **component pieces of operations**
69
Campagin
- Series of **related major operations** aimed at achieving **strategic and operational objectives** within a given time/space
- Appropriate when contemplated military ops **exceed the scope of a single major op**
- Often the **most expensive** joint ops in terms of **time and other resources**
70
Operation
- Sequence of **tactical actions** with **common purpose or unifying theme**
- May entail the process of **carrying on combat**, including **movement, supply, attack, defense, and maneuvers** needed to achieve the objective of any battle/campaign
71
Mission
- The **task and purpose** that clearly indicates the **action to be taken and the reason** therefore
- Five parts
-- Who (organization to act)
-- What (task/actions)
-- When (time to act)
-- Where (Location of task)
-- Why (purpose of task)
72
Task
- **Clearly defined action or activity** assigned to an individual or org
- **Speciifc assignment** that must be done as it is **imposed by an appropriate authority**
73
J-1
- Manpower and Personnel Directorate
- **Synchronize and coordinate** personnel
- **Support efforts** w/ Service components and functional components
- **Establish and publish policies, procedures, and standards** to accomplish personnel visibility
74
J-2
- Intelligence Directorate
- Driven by CC's need for **holistic understanding** of the operational environment
- Intel agencies provide assistance to J-2 ISO activities/ops
75
J-3
- Operations Directorate
- Assists CC in **directing and controlling ops**
- Plans, coordinates, and integrates operations in concert w/ higher HQ/JTF
76
J-4
- Logistics Directorate
- Helps JFC **manage the provision of logistics** to the joint force
- Develop **feasible, supportable, and efficient** concept of logistic support
- **ID risks** to the execution of CONOPS
77
J-5
- Plans Directorate
- **Develops, updates, reviews, and coordinates joint plans** required for successful JTF missions
- Focuses on **future plans** for the **next phase of ops** or sequels to current op
78
J-6
- Communications System Directorate
- Assists CJTF w/ **communications infrastructure, computer networking, electronics, IA, tactical comms, and interoperability**
- Develop and integrate **comm system architecture and plans** that support **operational/strategic reqs**
- Develop/integrate **policy and guidance** for implementation and integration of **interoperable comms system support**
79
Warning Order (WARNORD)
- Issued by the CJCS and/or CC
- **Planning directive** that **initiates the development** and evaluation of **COA**
- **SecDef** authorization required for **deployment of forces**
80
Planning Order (PLANORD)
- **Planning directive** that provides **essential planning guidance** and **directs the initiation of plan development before** the directing authority approves a **COA**
81
Execution Order (EXORD)
- Directive to **implement an approved CONOPS**
- Only **POTUS/SecDef** may approve/direct **initiation of mil ops**
- CJCS, by authority/direction of POTUS/SecDef, may subsequently issue an EXORD to initiate mil ops
82
Task Order (TASKORD)
- Provides **overarching guidance** and **outlines associated objectives, desired effects and tasks** necessary for mission completion
83
Operation Order (OPORD)
- Directive **issued by CC to subordinate CCs** for the purpose of **effecting the coordinated execution of an operation**
- Format (SMEAC):
-- Situation
-- Mission
-- Execution
-- Admin and Logistics
-- Command and Communication
84
Fragment Order (FRAGORD)
- **Modification** to previously issued order
- Provides **brief and specific directions** that address only **changed parts** of original order
85
Cyberspace Operations Plan (CyOP)
- Published **semiannually**
- Overarching doc addressing **CDR AFCYBER's foundational strategy**
- Guides **employment of full-spectrum** cyber capes
86
Cyberspace Operations Directive (CyOD)
- Published **weekly**
- Provides overarching guidance for **planning, execution, and assessment** of cyber ops
87
AF Cyber Tasking Order (AFCTO)
- Published **Daily**
- Operational order issued to perform **specific actions at specific time frames** ISO AF and Joint reqs
- Provides **mission ID, mission priority, tasked unit(s), time over target/terrain, AO, and additional comments**
- Used for tactical planning
88
Special Instructions (SPINS)
- Published **as required**
- Codify **procedures and processes for ops directed in the CTO**
- Detail **special considerations** and/or **special items** of interest
- **616 OC** publishes standing SPINS, weekly SPINS, and exercise/op-specific SPINS
89
Vulnerability Window
- **Window of opportunity** and direction for a **tactical CC to conduct tactical ops**
- **Time Bound**
- Deviations must be approved by 616 OC
90
Time Over Target/Terrain (TOT)
- **Exact timing** directed by the tasking authority specified in the tasking order **to execute a mission**
- Based on the available vulnerability window
91
On/Off Station
- On Station
-- **Cyber Op commences** on tasked terrain/targets
- Off Station
-- Assigned tasks are completed and forces **no longer engaging targets/performing mission** in tasked terrain
92
Sortie
- Constitutes the **actions individual cyber forces take** to accomplish a tasked mission
- **Single tactical mission** conducted by **single tasked cyber force**
- Begins when On Station, complete when Off Station
93
Terrain
- Telecommunications networks, computer systems, embedded processors and controllers, IP addresses, associated subnet, domain, or transport space w/in the AO
94
Target
- **Entity or object** that **performs a function for the adversary** considered for **possible engagement** or other action
95
616 Operations Center
- **Issues cyber orders** as directed by 16AF/AFCYBER/CC
- Authoritative source for **status, control, and defense** of AF networks
- **Direct tasking authority** over all AF cyber forces to **synchronize DCO actions**
- **De-confliction focal point**
- Plan, direct, coordinate, asses, and C2
96
Strategy Division (SRD, 616 OC)
- Supports theater objectives by **developing, refining, disseminating, and assessing** AFCYBER cyber strategy
- Establishes **foundational strategy** for executing along 3 LOOs (**posture, protect, and project**)
- Publishes **long-range contingency plans** to integrate cyber ops
97
Combat Plans (CPD, 616 OC)
- **Plans full-spectrum cyber ops**, including cyber operational COAs, **for the next CTO cycle**
- Coordinates activities w/ 16 AF subordinate units and other planning SMEs to develop CTO, CCO, and SPINS
98
Combat Operations (COD, 616 OC)
- **Monitors and adjusts execution of current CTO**, CCO, and monitors AOC cyber tasking on the ATO
- Three branches
-- OCO
-- DCO
-- DoDIN Ops
99
Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Division (ISRD, 616 OC)
- Develops **knowledge of the cyber ops environment** - from a threat perspective - and its **potential impact on US/allies' use of the AFIN**
100
Synchronization
- Efficient **coordination of mission partners** in order to complete the required mission
- Ensures activities are coordinated and deconflicted
101
Weaponeering
- Process of **determining the quantity** of a specific type of lethal/nonlethal means **required to create a desired effect** on a given target
- Determines:
-- What tools or methods do we need
-- How do we plan to use them
-- What will be the enemy's response
102
Intelligence Gain/Loss (IGL)
- **CO could potentially compromise intelligence collection activities**
- IGL Assessments required prior to executing CO
103
Technical Gain/Loss
- Relationship between **intel gathered by using a particular technology** and the **risk of exposing that tech** to the adversary
- **Assessment** conducted to **determine if a capability can operate in a target environment w/o interference or increase in chance of unwanted detection**
104
Deconfliction
- Necessary to **prevent uncoordinated actions from exposing or interfering w/ actions** of other USG entitites
- Cyberspace Support Elements (CSEs)
-- Personnel **facilitate development of cyber reqs** and **coordinate, integrate, and deconflict CO** into the CC's planning process
105
Operational Assessments
- Process that **measures progress toward mission accomplishment/end state/objectives**
- Delivers feedback into planning process
106
Measure of Performance (MOP)
- Criteria for **measuring task performance/accomplishment**
- Generally **quantitative**
- Used in most **aspects of combat assessment** to determine results
- May also use direct observation to determine success
107
Measure of Effectiveness (MOE)
- Used to assess **changes in system behaviour, capability, or the OE**
- Measure **attainment of an end state, objective, or creation of an effect**
- Harder to derive than MOPs for a discrete task
108
Battle Damage Assessments (BDA)
- Composed of **physical damage, functional damage, and target system assessment**
- Micro-level examination of effects -> macro-level conclusion of outcomes
- First-order effects often subtle, making second/third-order hard to determine
109
Crew Logs
- **Official record of events** that occur during a **crew shift or sortie**
- Accurate and detailed record of significant events and deviations from guidance
- At minimum, include:
-- On-duty personnel
-- Major ops activities
-- Significant communications
-- Major system degradations
-- Abnormal system responses
110
Crew Information File (CIF)
- Provides **information essential to the conduct of normal ops**
- Centralizes **significant, time-sensitive issues** and **ensures procedures are disseminated to ops personnel**
- Must be reviewed and acknowledged prior to beginning duties
- Contains current read file and publications
111
Crew Shift/Mission Briefing
- Covers objectives tasked by HHQ, assigns tactical tasks, and ensures crew understands the plan
112
Checklists, Local Procedures, and Crew Aids
- Must be strictly adhered to
- Local crew aids such as charts, guides, etc. may be developed
113
Operational Tests and Exercises
- Necessary to maintain proficiency
- Crew members will follow established operating procedures, AFIs, and governing publications with the understanding that the exercise/test is an **avenue to try new TTPs/capabilities**
114
Crew Rest
- **Mandatory crew rest and max duty periods** (DP) for all personnel who operate AF cyberspace weapon systems
- **10-hour non-duty period before DP**
- DP should not exceed 12hrs
-- Must be approved by group CC and annotated in mission file if extended
115
Crew Scheduling
- Accomplished in accordance w/ crew rest limitations
- Schedule should be as stable as possible
116
Operations Review Board (ORB)
- Used to **conduct investigations** to **determine the cause of any mission failures or significant events**, including abnormal system responses or trends
- Established by MAJCOMs/NAFs
117
Cybercrew Training Program (CTP)
- Ensures all crew members **obtain and maintain the certification/qualification and proficiency** needed to effectively perform their unit's mission
118
Qualification Training
- Defines cybercrew operational status and **specifies min training reqs for IQT and MQT**
119
Initial Qualification Training (IQT)
- One or more courses **covering system specific and/or positional specific training**
120
Mission Qualification Training (MQT)
- Fills training reqs not met in IQT
- Master local procedures/increase proficiency
- Includes training at Formal Training Unit (FTU), if applicable, and local training at unit
121
Basic Cyber Qualified (BCQ)
- Crewmember who has satisfactorily **completed IQT**
122
Basic Mission Capable (BMC)
- Crewmember who has satisfactorily **completed IQT and MQT**, but is **not fully MR/CMR**
123
Mission Ready/Combat Mission Ready (MR/CMR)
- Crewmember who has satisfactorily **completed IQT and MQT**, and **maintains their cert and proficiency** in their mission
124
Requalification Training
- Crewmember considered unqualified upon **loss of currency exceeding 6 months, expiration of qualification eval, or qualification in a different weapon system**
- 6-12 months non-current: Completion of training for **all delinquent items**
- 12+ months non-current: **Recompletion of MQT** and **requalification eval** IAW AFI 10-1703 Vol. 2
125
Continuation Training (CT)
- Provides volume, frequency, and mix of training necessary to maintain proficiency
126
Multiple Qualification
- MAJCOMs may authorize qualification in >1 weapon system
- This authority **cannot be delegated** below MAJCOM, **except the Lead MAJCOM**, which may be delegated within its command
127
Standardization and Evaluation
-- General
- Provides CC a tool to **validate mission readiness and effectiveness of cyber ops**
- Consists of **Chief of Stan/Eval** and **at least one examiner per position per CWS**
- Applies to **positions that are designated MR/CMR** in the applicable Lead MAJCOM guidance
128
Standardization and Evaluation
-- Responsibilities
- Establish, monitor, and maintain the unit **Individual Qualification Folders (IQF) program**
- Establish procedures for **review and quality control of evaluation documentation**
- Establish and maintain a **trend analysis program**
- Establish unit **no-notice program and goals**
- **Design evaluation criteria** and submit to NAF for review and approval
- **Design Master Question Files (MQFs) for all CWSs** assigned to the group and submit to NAF
- **At least quarterly, advise** unit leadership on unit cybercrew **qualification status, requisite completion, and upcoming expiration dates**
129
Qualification (QUAL) Evaluation
- Ensure **basic qualification** in a CWS and/or cybercrew position
130
Mission (MSN) Evaluation
- Ensures qualification to **employ the CWS at the assigned position** in accomplishment of the unit's operational and/or designated operational capability (DOC) mission statements
131
SPOT evaluation
- Evaluates a **specific event or requirement** w/o intending to satisfy the requirements of a periodic or initial eval
132
No-Notice (N/N) Evaluation
- Provides CCs a sampling of **daily crew performance** and an **assessment of unit training effectiveness**
133
Initial (INIT) Evaluation
- First eval of any type in a specific CWS crew position
134
Requalification (RQ) Evaluation
- Administered to remedy a loss of qualification
135
Q1 (Qualification Level)
- Member **demonstrated** desired performance and knowledge of safety procedures, equipment and directives within tolerances specified in the grading criteria
136
Q2 (Qualification Levels)
- Member **generally demonstrated** desired performance and knowledge of safety procedures, equipment and directives within tolerances specified in the grading criteria
137
Q3 (Qualification Level)
- Member demonstrated an **unacceptable** level of safety, performance, or knowledge
138
Exceptionally Qualified (EQ) Designation
- Demonstrate **exceptional skill and knowledge** in **all portions** of the eval
- Do not fail **any part**
- Received a **Q1** grade w/ no discrepancies on **all areas/subareas**
- Pass the written exam w/ a **95-100**
139
Requalification
- If a **positional eval is failed**, CC ensures a successful RQ is completed **w/in 30 days**
140
Restrictions (Stan/Eval)
- Examiner may **recommend restrictions** be imposed on examinee until successful completion of **assigned additional training and/or recheck**
141
Status Downgrade (Stan/Eval)
- Crewmember failing a QUAL is placed on supervised status
142
Supervised Status
- Sq CC determines the type of supervisor
143
AF Form 4418
- Records results of evals
144
AF Form 4420
- Index providing pertinent **info extracted from all the AF Forms 4418** accomplished for the member
145
Individual Qualification Folder (IQF)
- **Source documents** that **constitute the history of certification** for each member
- **AF Form 4418** is the source document used to **record certification of a member**
146
Current Read File
- Contain **temporary information, directly pertinent to the safe conduct of ops**, and must be read by all crew members before ops
147
Stan/Eval Command Interest Items (CII)
- Tool to **train** members on **training deficiencies, new systems/procedures, or trends**
- May be issued by **AFSPC, NAF, or units** to address incidents, trends, deployed AO, or potential problems w/ equipment/procedures
148
Go/No-Go Program
- **Ensures** individual crew members are **current, qualified, or adequately supervised** to perform ops and have reviewed CIF Volume 1, Part B
149
Trend Analysis Program
- Identifies, documents, reports, and recommends corrective action for all negative trends
150
PBED
- Plan, Brief, Execute, Debrief
- Used w/in tactical ops cycle
- Implies quantifiable phases of a standard mission day
151
Planning (PBED)
- Joint responsibility of **individual crews, unit ops, and intel**
- **Mission lead** is responsible for all aspects of **tactical mission planning**
- Thorough tactical mission planning/prep required for success
- **Failures** often indicative of **poor mission prep**
- Use **ME3C-(PC)2**
152
Briefing (PBED)
- **Conveys** elements of the **mission and the plan to accomplish objectives**
- Derived from **tactical mission planning**
- Ensures everyone understands objectives/expectations
- **Mission Leads** responsible for ensuring **understanding of tactical plan**
153
Execution (PBED)
- Execute the planned mission IAW SPINS, ROEs, etc
154
Debriefing
- **Mission lead** leads debrief
- Covers **all aspects of mission** (planning, briefing, execution)
- Feedback through **Lessons Learned and Learning Points**
- Occurs at **multiple levels** (mass debrief, package debrief, element debrief)
- Occurs at **conclusion of every mission**, op, exercise, etc.
- Uses **root-cause analysis** for failure and success
- Purpose is **replicate success and avoid repeat mistakes**
- Provides **immediate reinforcement**
- Facilitates **evolving process and TTP changes**
- Proves **effectiveness w/in current TTPs**
155
ME3C-(PC)2
- Mission, Environment, Enemy, Effects, Capabilities, Plan, Phasing, Contracts, Contingencies
- **Tactical level teams** use **mission planning template** to ensure crew **understanding of objectives, ROE, SPINS, etc.**
- Planning considerations include **analysis of environment** (physical/political/military) to **align effects w/ CC's intent**
- Convert **operational planning** to **tactical action**
-- **Contribute materially** to end state
-- Have **strategic impacts**
156
Mission (ME3C-(PC)2)
- **CC's intent**
- **Actual** required mission **tasks**
- **Facts and assumptions** for the mission
- Assumptions **must be validated** via **request for information** (RFI) or **information need** (IN), which generates **request for intelligence**
157
Environment (ME3C-(PC)2)
- **Terrain/target owner**
- **Political Military situation**
- Current **governing directives**
-- Constraints/restraints, ROEs, etc
- **Physical** environment
- **Logical/Network** environment
-- Topology
-- Network migrations/upgrades/etc
-- Max capacity systems?
158
Enemy (ME3C-(PC)2)
- Enemy's **goals/objectives**
- Enemy's **strategies/methods**
- **Strength's/weaknesses**
- **Order-of-battle**
- Has the enemy **targeted the terrain before**?
-- Previous method
- Most **likely** COA
- Most **dangerous** COA
159
Effects (ME3C-(PC)2)
- CC's **intended effects**
- **MoE / MoP** to assess the plan
- **Collection plan** to support assessment plan
- **Intel gain/loss** considerations
160
Capabilities (ME3C-(PC)2)
- **Assigned forces**
- **Capability pairings** for assigned target/terrain
- Are assigned **assets sufficient?**
- **Outside coordination**, as required (AFOSI, DISA, etc.)
-- Joint mission?
-- Joint assets?
161
Plan (ME3C-(PC)2)
- **Scoped adequately** and **satisfies the tasking**
- Will **plan accomplish mission?**
- What is CC/supported CC's **acceptable level of risk (ALR)?**
-- **TGL** considerations
- **Go/No-Go criteria**
- Are **MINFORCE reqs** met?
- Terrain/target **deconfliction**
- Target **deliverables**
162
Phasing (ME3C-(PC)2)
- Phase
-- **Definitive stage** of an op or campaign
-- **Large portion** of forces/capes **involved in similar/mutual** activities for **common purpose**
- Trigger
-- **Event, condition, or time** in which an op/campaign **transitions focus**
- ID **timeline constraints**
163
Contracts (ME3C-(PC)2)
- **Agreement between two+ parties** to do/not do something
- Encompass:
-- Marshalling, ingress, deconfliction, comms, egress/recovery, phase transition, on-call missions
- Triggers/contracts for transition between comm methods
- **Brevity** is key
- Use **code words** for "in the clear" comm
- Use CACA
164
CACA
- Criteria
-- **Trigger/event** initiating contract
- Authority
-- **Who has authority** in circumstance related to contract
- Communication
-- **How/what/who** to communicate
- Action
-- **Actions executed** in response to contract
165
Contingencies (ME3C-(PC)2)
- How does plan **account for changes** in mission, environment, enemy, effects, capabilities, timeline
- **Triggers/decision points** leading to contingencies
- Abort criteria? Knock-it-off criteria? Rollback criteria?
166
Observation (Debrief)
- **Actual events** that occurred
- Any **factual piece of info** resulting from operator performance
167
Reconstruction (Debrief)
- Process of **looking at the mission** and **determining facts**
168
Debrief Focus Point (DFP)
- Areas/aspects that **impeded achievement** of the desired outcome/mission accomplishment
- Focus is on **overall mission accomplishment**
- Takes the form of **externally focused question**
169
Contributing Factors (CF)
- Stimuli that **may have contributed** to the conditions of the event
170
Root Cause (RC)
- **Core reason** the problem occurred and/or mission failed
171
Instructional Fix (IF)
- **"What" and "how"** to address the RC
- Must be **measurable and repeatable**
- May also include **"who" and "when"**
172
Lessons Learned (LL)
- The story of **what and how to prevent mistakes** from happening again, or **continue improvement**
173
Learning Point (LP)
- When the event **doesn't negatively impact the accomplishment** of a mission objective OR when **something positive occurred**
174
Trends
- Common threads throughout the mission
