10- Peacebuilding Flashcards
(27 cards)
3 varieties of peacebuilding
- actor-based
- intention based
- content-based
what does actor-based peacebuilding mean?
who’s doing it? single state, coalition, UN?
what does intention-based mean?
biased vs. impartial
-> intervention is supposed to be unbiased, or does it favor someone else
what does content-based mean?
diplomatic (allowing sides to speak), political (monitoring elections), economic, and military
the first generation of peacekeeping (interpositional)
traditional
-military observation
- interpositional ( waiting between warring sides)
multidimensional peacekeeping
sustaining a new government, protecting institutions.
what allowed for multidimensional peacekeeping?
Since all P5 members need to agree to pass something in the UNSC during the cold war, RUS and USA couldn’t agree on the institutions, and governments- so multidimensional peacekeeping only happened after the CW
multidimensional & peace enforcement
many instances happened when un troops were on the ground, they should crate peace by fighting
brahimi report
how could these UN operations should be changed?
how did the peacekeeping operation in rwanda change?
- monitoring a ceasefire
- mandate extended to protect civilians (after genocide)
how did the peacekeeping operation in Rwanda change?
- monitoring a ceasefire
- mandate extended to protect civilians (after genocide)
negative peace
an absence of conflict (reestablishing teh sovereignty of the government.
positive peace
the existence of a political system that allows for participation such that future challenges go inside the system instead of outside.
ecological theory of peacebuilding (main argument- big picture)
suggests that building peace requires addressing the root causes of conflicts through coordination and cooperation among different actors.
3 dimensions of the political space for peace
- local capacity -> what exists within the country
- international capacity -> what resources the organizations like the UN are putting into
- hostility -> how bad is the conflict
-> define the space for peace
what should the 3 dimensions of political space for peace be?
lower hostility, more international capacity, and more local capacity -> More space for peace
Cooperation Problems (Peacekeeping)
two sides don’t have the incentive to cooperate.
-> fundamental transformative efforts - multidimensional, and enforcement operations to transform the political space.
Coordination Problems (Peacekeeping)
two different sides would like to coordinate, but they want to make sure of what the other side is doing. their interests are aligned.
-> sharing information, mediation and other kinds of traditional operations can actually facilitate a transition to peace.
what types of strategies can be used in a coordination problem?
communication, assurance, capacity building
what types of strategies can be used in a cooperation problem?
imposing costs for non-compliance, mitigate costs of exploitation, increase benefits to compliance
when should communication, assurance, and capacity building be used?
coordination problems
when should imposing costs for non-compliance, mitigating costs of exploitation, and increasing benefits to compliance be used?
cooperation problems
what does barma argue about the success of peacebuiling operations?
we should look 10-15 years after, and the quality fo the society after the peacebuilding process. this is importance because most of the time elites coopt the peacebuilding process and holding on to power.
-> questions how effective those operations are.
how do post-cw peacekeping operations differ? (3)
- they’re more multidimensional, and complex
- they are deployed intrastate, rather than interstate
- more partnerships with regional organizations
