Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MD3002 Week 1 0 > 10. STIs > Flashcards

10. STIs Flashcards

(55 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Name the 4 STI syndromes?

A

Genital discharge
Genital warts
Genital ulcers
Sexually transmitted and bloodborne viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the main presentation of HPV?

A

Genital warts found on:

  • Shaft of penis (male)
  • Vagina, vulva, cervix (female)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the main presentation of chlamydia trachomatis?

A

Urethritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the main presentation of candida albicans?

A

vaginal thrush

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the main presentation of trichomonas vaginalis?

A

Vaginitis

Lymphogranuloma venereum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the main presentation of Herpes simplex virus?

A

Genital herpes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the main presentation of neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

Gonorrhoea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the main presentation of HIV?

A

AIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the main presentation of treponema pallidum?

A

Syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the main presentation of hep b?

A

Hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the main presentation of Hsemophilus ducreyi?

A

Chancroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

STI risk factors?

A 
Young age
Failure to use barrier contraceptives
Non-regular sexual relationships
Homosexuality
IV drug use
African origin
Social deprivation
Prostitution
Poor access to advice and treatment of STIs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What individual factos predispose to risky sexual behaviour?

A

Low self-esteem
Lack of skills
Lack of knowledge of the risks of unsafe sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What external influences predispose to risky sexual behaviour?

A

Peer pressure
Attitude
Prejudices of society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which service provisions predispose to risky sexual behaviour?

A

Accessibility of sexual health services

Lack of resources such as condoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

HPV, mechanism?

A

Induces hyperplastic epithelial lesions

Types exhibit tissue/cell specificity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Incubation period of HPV

A

1-6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

which HPV types are most important?

A

Types 6, 11, 16 and 18 most important

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is are variety of consequences of HPV?

A

Cervical carcinoma
Urogenital warts
Laryngeal papillomas
Common, flat and plantar warts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Identification and treatment of HPV?

A

Seen on colposcopy after staining

Treatment:

  • Podophyllum
  • Cryo
  • Laser
  • Surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

HPV vaccine, what is available?

A

Based on VLP1 (papillomavirus-like particle) a major capsid protein
Two killed vaccines available:
1. Cervarix
2. Gardasil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the current administration plan for HPV?

A

To girls 12-13yrs before they are sexually active

Protection against most cases of cervical cancer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Characteristics of chlamydia trachomatis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Obligate
Intracellular
Gram neg

24
Q

What do the following serotypes of chlamydia cause:
A,B, C?
D-K?
L1, L2, L3?

Study These Flashcards
A

A,B, C: Trachoma
D-K: Genital infection
L1, L2, L3: Lymphogranuloma venereum, cancer

Although often asymptomatic infection

25
Female chlamydia symptoms?
``` Vaginal/anal discharge Post-coital bleeding Abdominal tenderness Pelvic tenderness Infertility Reiter's syndrome (Arthritis, cervicitis, conjunctivitis) Proctitis (anus and rectum inflammation) Pharyngitis Perihepatitis: Upper abdominal pain ```
26
Male chlamydia symptoms?
``` Urethral/anal discharge Epididymal tenderness Prostatitis Reiter's syndrome (Arthritis, cervicitis, conjunctivitis) Proctitis (anus and rectum inflammation) Pharyngitis Perihepatitis: Upper abdominal pain ```
27
What is a NAAT test?
A nucleic acid test (NAT) or nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) is a molecular technique used to detect a particular pathogen (virus or bacterium) in a specimen of blood or other tissue or body fluid.
28
What are the investigations available for chlamydia?
Urine- NAATs | Endocervical swab- Cell culture
29
Treatment of chlamydia?
Azithromycin *resistance increasing* | Tetracycline (doxycycline)
30
Candida albicans: - Presentation? - Diagnosis? - Treatment?
Presents as intensely itchy vaginitis. Diagnosed by microscopy and cell culture. Dismiss presentation as UTI. Treatment: Oral fluconozole plus topical nystatin
31
What is trichomonas vaginalis?
Anaerobic, single cell, flagellated protozoa
32
MoA of trichmonas vaginalis?
Attaches to squamous epithelium and infects vagina and urethra. Incubation: 4d-3wks --> Trichomoniasis
33
Presentation of trichomonas vaginalis infection?
Yellowish vaginal discharge | Which is dianosed by dark-phase microscopy
34
Treatment of trichomonas vaginalis infection?
Metronidazole
35
What is the difference between HSV1 and HSV2?
Herpes simplex virus HSV type 1: Usually affects the oral region and causes cold sores HSV type 2: Associated with genital infection (penis, anus, vagina) However, both can infect the mouth and/or genitals due to oral sex or autoinoculation
36
Transmission of genital herpes?
By sexual contact or during birth (30-40% risk) | Neonatal infection may result in desseminated infection often involving CNS
37
Presentation of genital herpes during the primary infection?
Febrile flu-like prodome (5-7 days) Tingling neuropathic pain in genital areas/ buttocks/legs Extensive BILATERAL crops of PAINFUL blisters/ulcers in the genital area (inc cervix and vagina) Tender inguinal lymph nodes Local oedema Dysuria Vaginal or urethral discharge
38
Treatment of genital herpes primary infection
Aciclovir
39
What is the process of genital herpes recurrence?
After primary infection, the virus becomes dormant in local sensory ganglia Periodic reactivation can cause: -Symptomatic lesions -Asymptomatic viral shedding (still infectious) HSV-2 has more frequent reactivation
40
Diagnosis of HSV?
1. Clinical appearance 2. Viral culture 3. DNA detection using NAAT of swab from the base of ulcer / vesicle fluid. 4. Serology occasionally to identify those with asymptomatic infection and to distinguish between HSV1 and HSV2
41
Features of neisseria gonorrhoeae infective agent?
Gram negative Intracellular diplooccus Human only host Infects epithelial cells of mucous membrane of GU tract or rectum. Develops localised infection with pus production
42
Describe the consequences of gonorrhoea?
Male patients: Acute inflammation and discharge Female patients: Cervical discharge Male homosexuals: Rectal infectons Oral pharyngitis contracted by oral-genital contact Disseminated infection --> Septic arthritis
43
Female presentation/symptoms of gonorrhoea?
``` Dysuria Rectal infection= Asymptomatic Salpingitis (fallopian tube inflammation), PID Pharyngeal infection Post-coital bleeding Septic arthritis ```
44
Male presentation/symptoms of gonorrhoea?
``` Urethral discharge Anal discharge, pain and bleeding Epididymal tenderness Pharyngeal infection Septic arthritis ```
45
Babies presentation/symptoms of gonorrhoea?
Ophthalmia neonatorum- Blindness
46
What is ophthalmia neonatorum? | How do babies get it?
Conjunctivitis contracted by newborns during delivery Mothers infected with N. gonnorrhoeae or C. trachomatis Without treatment can cause blindness.
47
Lab diagnosis of gonorrhoea?
Light microscopy of gram-stained genital specimens to look for gram negative diplococci NAAT- Can use urine or swabs PMN in urethral pus
48
Treatment of gonorrhoea?
For confirmed, uncomplicated infection in adults... give single dose of one of the following: - Cleftriaxone 250mg IM - Cefizime 400mg oral - Ciprofloxacin 500mg oral (if beta-lactam allergy)
49
Infection of preponema pallidum leads to..
Syphillus
50
What are the three stages of syphilis?
PRIMARY: Hard genital or oral ulcer (chancre) at the site of infection after 3 weeks -Can be asymptomatic for up to 24 weeks SECONDARY: Red maculopapular rash anywhere plus pale moist papules in urogential region and mouth (condylomas) TERTIARY: Degeneration of nervous system, aneurysms and granulomatous lesions in liver, skin and bones (gummas) in about 40% of patients
51
How is syphilis transferred congenitally?
Placental transfer after 10-15 weeks of pregnancy Infection can cause death or spontaneous abortion of foetus Survivors develop secondary syphilis symptoms
52
Syphilis diagnosis?
From lesions or infected lymph nodes in early symphilis Dark field microscopy Direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) test NAAT EIA- Can be for ImM for early infection of IgG for week 5+
53
Major side effect of haemophilus ducreyi?
Chancroid (venereal infection causing ulceration of groin lymph nodes) Cause by gram negative bacterium Characterised by painful genital ulcers
54
Diagnosis and treatment of chancroid?
Diagnosed by microscopy/culture Treatment: Macrolide (e..g erythromycin or ceftriaxone)
55
How to reduce risk of STI?
Less sexual partners | Use condoms

MD3002 Week 1 0 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions