刘毅10000 - Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Censure

/ˈsenʃər/

A

Censure is sometimes harder to bear than punishment.

v. 严厉斥责,正式谴责
n. 斥责,谴责

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2
Q

fortitude

/ˈfɔːrtɪtuːd/

A

n. 刚毅;不屈不挠;勇气

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3
Q

eradicate

/ɪˈrædɪkeɪt/

A

v. 根除,消灭

The new vaccine eradicated all traces of the disease within three months.

Yellow fever has been eradicated in the US but it still exists in some countries.
黄热病在美国已经绝迹,但在一些国家却依然存在。

= extirpate

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4
Q

barbarian

/bɑːrˈberiən/

A

The barbarians defiled the church by using it as a stable.

n. 野蛮人;未开化的人;无教养的人
adj. 野蛮的;未开化的

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5
Q

defile

/dɪˈfaɪl; ˈdiːfaɪl/

A

vt. [正式] 污损,污染, 亵渎, 弄脏
n. [正式] (尤指山中的)小路,峡道,隘路

The barbarians defiled the church by using it as a stable.

The children’s muddy shoes defiled all the rugs in the hotel.
孩子们沾满烂泥的鞋子弄脏了旅馆所有的地毯。

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6
Q

stable

/ˈsteɪbl/

A

n. 马厩;(属同一马主或驯马师的)一群赛马;(在同一地方工作或训练的)一批人,(同一公司生产的)系列产品;赛马训练场
v. 使(马)入廐,把(马)拴在马廐
adj. 稳定的,牢固的;稳重的,沉稳的;(化学结构或物理状态)稳定的

The barbarians defiled the church by using it as a stable.

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7
Q

shrine

/ʃraɪn/

A

n. 圣坛,神殿;圣地

e.g. Elvis’s home has become a shrine for his fans.
埃尔维斯的故居成了他的歌迷的圣地

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8
Q

bereave

/bɪˈriːv/

A

vt. 1. 使失去(希望、生命等)(of)
2. (死亡等)使丧失(亲人等)

The lost hinkers were bereft of hope when the rescue plane did not see them.

The children are bereaved by the death of their parents.
孩子们因丧父而成了孤儿.

= deprive

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9
Q

deprive

/dɪˈpraɪv/

A

vt. 1. 夺去,剥夺,使丧失;
2. 使不能享受,使不能做

e.g.
A lot of these children have been deprived of a normal home life.
这些孩子中有许多人被剥夺了正常的家庭生活。

He was deprived of his sight by the accident.
那次事故使他丧失了视力。

worrying deprived him of sleep.
担忧使他不能入睡。

deprived = 贫困的,穷苦的
a deprived childhood 贫苦的童年

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10
Q

consecrate

/ˈkaːnsɪkreɪt/

A

vt. 1. (举行特别宗教仪式)宣布将(某地或某建筑)奉为神圣
2. (基督教)使圣化,使变体(或就圣职等),给…祝圣

  1. 把…放着作祭祀用(to)
  2. 使神圣不可侵犯,把…视为神圣
  3. 奉献

This battlefield is consecrated to the memory of the soldiers who died here.

e.g. The bishop consecrated them to the service of God.
主教把它们留着供做礼拜用。

consecrate one’s life to the cause of peace.
献身于和平事业

= devote

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11
Q

groove

/ɡruːv/

A

n. 沟;槽;凹线;凹槽;(流行音乐的)节奏;驾轻就熟,得心应手;常规,习惯
v. 在……上开出沟(或槽等);形成沟槽;欣赏音乐,跟着音乐起舞;出色地演奏(尤指节奏持续不变的)流行乐(或爵士乐);过得快活;投(球)至最易击打的好球部位; 出色地进球得(分)
vi. 形成沟槽

Wheels left grooves in a muddy dirt road.

= furrow

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12
Q

furrow

/ˈfɜːroʊ/

A

n.
1. (人脸部,尤指前额的)皱纹

  1. (某物表面的)沟
  2. (田里的)犁沟

vi&vt. (尤指烦恼或生气时)(使脸部)起皱纹

vt. 犁;在…开出沟槽

e.g. There were furrows in the tarmac to drain off the rainwater.
柏油碎石路面上有许多排雨水的沟。

Her husband’s brows were furrowed in concentration .
她丈夫皱着眉头,神情专注。

a furrowed brow 皱紧的眉头

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13
Q

corrugation

/ˌkɔːrəˈɡeɪʃən/

A

n. 起皱;皱状;波纹成形; [铸]压瓦楞;[冶](钢板的)波浪。

注:瓦楞纸那样的波纹。

corrugated cardboard 瓦楞纸板

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14
Q

rut

/rʌt/

A

n.  1. 车辙;
2. in a ~ (生活或工作)刻板而乏味的,一成不变的,
3. the ~ [术语](雄性动物,尤指鹿的)发情期。
e. g.

I was stuck in a rut, and decided to look for a new job.
我干的都是老一套,所以决定找一份新工作。

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15
Q

jolt

/dʒəʊlt/

A

v. 使颠簸,使摇动; 猛推,搡;使震惊,使觉醒;使突然活跃(或有效)
n. 颠簸,摇晃;一阵强烈的感情(如震惊);一份(烈酒)

The old car jolted its passengers badly as it went over the rough road.

= joggle

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16
Q

joggle

/ˈdʒaːɡl/

A

v. 轻微摇晃;(使)快速颠动;啮合

n. 啮合;摇动;榫接

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17
Q

obsolete

/ˈɒbsəliːt/

A

adj. 废弃的;老式的
n. 废词;陈腐的人
vt. 淘汰;废弃

Bowing to greet a lady is now an obsolete custom.

= antiquated

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18
Q

antiquated

/ˈæntɪkweɪtɪd/

A

adj. 过时的;陈旧的;年老的

v. 使古旧;废弃(antiquate 的过去分词)

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19
Q

antiquate

/’æntə,kwet/

A

v. 废弃,使……过时;使……具有古旧形式或风格

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20
Q

prowl

/praul/

A

v. (为寻觅、偷窃等)潜行;徘徊;搜寻
n. 徘徊,潜行;悄悄踱步;(动物)出动捕猎;四处搜寻(干某事的机会)

Many wild animals prowl at night looking for something to eat.

= rove

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21
Q

rove

/rəʊv/

A

v. 流浪于,漫游于;(眼睛)环顾,扫掠;粗纺;穿线;(用绳索)穿过(reeve的过去式和过去分词)
n. (尤指无具体目的地的)旅行,流浪;粗纱,准备好的纺线;(尤指造船用的)铆钉垫圈
n. (Rove)(美、澳、印、巴)罗夫(人名)

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22
Q

scoop

/skuːp/

A

v. 掘;挖;用勺舀;抱起;抢先报道;赢得;滑唱
n. 勺;铲子;一勺(的量);独家新闻;最新消息;夸张的上滑音

The children scooped holes in the sand.

= shovel

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23
Q

shovel

/ˈʃʌvl/

A

n. 铁铲;一铲的量;铲车
vt. 铲除;用铲挖;把……胡乱塞入
vi. 铲

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24
Q

hearty

/ˈhɑːrti/

A

adj. 热情友好的;精力充沛的,强健的;丰盛的;真挚的,强烈的;假装热情友好的
n. 开朗活泼之人;好伙计

A good joke does not necessarily evoke a hearty laugh.
好笑话并不一定逗人大笑。

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25
Q

bandit

/ˈbændɪt/

A

n. 强盗,土匪;恶棍;敲诈者

The bandit in a typical Western movie rides a horse and goes armed, either alone or in a group.
在典型的西部片中,土匪不管是独自一人还是成群结队,都骑着马且全副武装。

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26
Q

sully

/ˈsʌli/

A

vt. 玷污;使丢脸
n. 污点,损伤
n. (Sully)人名;(英)萨利;(法)苏利

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27
Q

rug

/rʌɡ/

A

n. 小地毯,垫子;
(盖腿的)厚毯子,毛毯;
(男子的)遮秃假发;
(马的)披毯,裹毯

【名】 (Rug)(塞)鲁格(人名)

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28
Q

divergence

/daɪˈvɜːrdʒəns/

A

n. 差异;分歧;分散,发散;(气流或海洋的)分开处;三岔口

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29
Q

brigand

/ˈbrɪɡənd/

A

n. 强盗;土匪;盗贼

n. (Brigand)人名;(法)布里冈

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30
Q

outlaw

/ˈaʊtlɔː/

A

n. 不法之徒,逃犯;被剥夺法律权益和保护者

v. 使非法,禁止,取缔;(旧时)剥夺(某人的)法律权益

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31
Q

inconsolable

/ˌɪnkənˈsoʊləbl/

A

adj. 无法安慰的; 极为伤心的

The little girl was inconsolable at the loss of her kitten.
那个小女孩因失去了她的小猫而伤心不已。

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32
Q

nibble

/ˈnɪbl/

A

vi. &vt. 细咬;一点一点地咬;啃;吹毛求疵
n. 轻咬;啃;细咬

Aren’t you hungry? you are only nibbling your food.
你不饿吗?你只是一点一点啃着吃东西。

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33
Q

pageant

/ˈpædʒənt/

A

n. 盛会;选美比赛;露天表演;虚饰; 壮观

The coronation of the new king was a splendid pageant.
新国王的加冕典礼非常壮观。

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34
Q

splendid

/ˈsplendɪd/

A

adj. 极佳的,非常好的;壮丽的,灿烂的,辉煌的;(一段时光)令人愉快的

The coronation of the new king was a splendid pageant.
新国王的加冕典礼非常壮观。

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35
Q

coronation

/ˌkɔːrəˈneɪʃn/

A

n. 加冕礼

The coronation of the new king was a splendid pageant.
新国王的加冕典礼非常壮观。

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36
Q

scourge

/skɜːrdʒ/

A

n. 灾祸;鞭子;苦难的根源;引起灾害的事物或人
v. 折磨;鞭打;斥痛

After the scourge of flood usually comes the scourge of disease.
洪水过后往往会有瘟疫发生。

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37
Q

misfortune

/ˌmɪsˈfɔːrtʃən/

A

n. 厄运,不幸;不幸事件,灾难

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38
Q

tumble

/ˈtʌmbl/

A
v. 翻滚,滚落;摔倒,跌倒;倒塌,坍塌;
(价格、数量等)暴跌,骤降;
(水)滚滚而流;
跌跌撞撞地走;翻跟头;
(头发)垂落;
突然闯入(某地),
浑然不觉地进入(某种状态);
(因兴奋或伤心而)快速说;
(组织或体系突然)瓦解,不复存在;
大量移动;弄乱,弄皱;
做爱;
用滚筒干燥机甩干;用滚净筒把(铸件、宝石矿石等)弄干净

n. 跌倒,滚落;(数量、价值)暴跌;混乱,杂乱;翻跟头;性交;(表认可、感激或感兴趣的)示好
n. 跌倒;翻斤斗;跌跤

The crippled child tumbled down the stairs and was badly hurt.
那跛脚的小孩从楼梯上跌下来,受伤很重。

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39
Q

distress

/dɪˈstres/

A

n. 忧虑,悲伤;贫困;危难,险情;(肉体的)剧痛

v. 使悲伤,使忧虑;使(家具,皮革)有仿磨损的痕迹

40
Q

sicken

/ˈsɪkən/

A

v. 使大为震惊,使愤怒;使厌恶,使作呕;(使)患病,生病

41
Q

ail

/eɪl/

A

v. 困扰,使苦恼;(使)患病,(使)不适

【名】 (Ail)(美、印)艾乐(人名)

42
Q

dissimulation

/dɪˌsɪmjuˈleɪʃn/

A

n. 掩饰;虚伪;装糊涂

The thief intruded into the house with caution and dissimulation.
窃贼小心掩饰着闯入屋内。

43
Q

deception

/dɪˈsepʃn/

A

n. 欺骗,蒙骗;骗术,骗局

44
Q

deceit

/dɪˈsiːt/

A

n. 欺骗,诡计

45
Q

hypocrisy

/hɪˈpɑːkrəsi/

A

n. 虚伪,伪善

46
Q

pretension

/prɪˈtenʃn/

A

n. 自负;要求;主张;借口;骄傲

He spoke without pretension.
他有话直说,不装相。

47
Q

intrude

/ɪnˈtruːd/

A

v. 闯入;打扰,侵扰;(火成岩)侵入(已生成构造)

The thief intruded into the house with caution and dissimulation.
窃贼小心掩饰着闯入屋内。

48
Q

flog

/flɒɡ/

A

vt. 鞭打,鞭策;迫使
vi. 剧烈抖动;除尘

Nowadays, it is an inhumane punishment to flog the disobedient soldiers or sailors.
现今,鞭打不服从的士兵或水手是不人道的惩罚。

49
Q

whip

/wɪp/

A

n. 鞭子,皮鞭;党鞭,政党纪律委员;(用鸡蛋、鲜奶油与水果混合制成的)甜品;书面通知;鞭打,抽打;鞭策物,刺激物;鞭状枝,鞭状植物;(用于割某些庄稼的)长柄大镰刀,钐刀;党员资格(the whip);定单绞辘;车;(专管把离群猎狗赶回狗群的)猎人副手
v. 鞭打,抽;快速移开,快速拿走;快速移动(某物);搅打(奶油或蛋清使成糊状);偷盗,盗取;(在外力作用下)猛然移动;(柔韧性的物体、雨、风等)拍打,猛打;(故意)激起(情绪);彻底击败;急投,急传;将细绳缠绕于(某物),用细绳缠绕加固

50
Q

paddle

/ˈpædl/

A

n. (小船的)短桨,桨;桨状工具,桨状物;划桨;(乒乓球的)球拍;扁条刑杖;(明轮船驱动所用的)轮叶,明轮翼;赤脚涉水,蹚水;(飞船上伸出的)太阳能电池板;(心脏起搏用的)电极棒;鳍状前肢
v. 用桨划(船);在……上划船;蹚水,赤足涉水;(游泳时快速)拨水;用戒尺打(孩子);搅拌,混合

51
Q

inhumane

/ˌɪnhjuːˈmeɪn/

A

adj. 残忍的;无人情味的

Nowadays, it is an inhumane punishment to flog the disobedient soldiers or sailors.
现今,鞭打不服从的士兵或水手是不人道的惩罚。

52
Q

inscription

/ɪnˈskrɪpʃn/

A

n. 题词;铭文;刻印

According to the inscription on its cornerstone, this building was erected in 1919.
根据基石上的碑铭,这栋建筑建于1919年。

= caption

53
Q

caption

/ˈkæpʃn/

A

n. (图片的)说明文字;(电影或电视的)字幕;(法律文件的)开端部分

v. 给……加文字说明

54
Q

epigraph

/ˈepɪɡræf/

A

n. 题词;碑文;铭文

55
Q

cornerstone

/ˈkɔːnəstəʊn/

A

n. 基石,支柱,基础;隅石,墙角石

According to the inscription on its cornerstone, this building was erected in 1919.
根据基石上的碑铭,这栋建筑建于1919年。

56
Q

meddle

/ˈmedl/

A

v. 干涉,管闲事,干预他人之事;瞎搞,乱弄

The gifts of charity meddled with a gentleman’s private affair.
慈善捐赠扰乱了一位绅士的私事。

= intervene

57
Q

butt in

A

插手;插嘴;闯进

58
Q

rummage

/ˈrʌmɪdʒ/

A

vt. 翻寻;寻找;检查;搜出;仔细搜查;翻找出;
vi. 翻找;仔细搜查
n. 翻找;检查;查出的物件;零星杂物

John rummaged all the drawers to find his gloves.
约翰为了寻找他的手套,翻遍了所有的抽屉。

= ransack

59
Q

ransack

/ˈrænsæk/

A

vt. 细细搜索; 遍寻; 搜查; 洗劫,掠夺;

The woman ransacked the house for her lost jewelry.
那女人仔细搜查房屋,寻找丢失的珠宝。

= rummage

60
Q

spout

/spaʊt/

A

v. 喷出,涌出,喷射;喷水;(鲸鱼,海豚)从呼吸孔中喷出水柱;滔滔不绝地说;把……典当掉
n. (容器的)嘴;出水管;(由高向低的)运货斜槽;(喷出的)水柱,液体柱;升降车;(鲸鱼从呼吸孔中喷出的)水柱

The water spouted out when the pipe was broken.
当水管破裂时,水喷涌而出。

61
Q

exude

/ɪɡˈzuːd/

A

vt. 散发;流出;使渗出

vi. 流出;渗出;发散

62
Q

intersect

/ˌɪntərˈsekt/

A

vi. 相交,交叉

vt. 横断,横切;贯穿

63
Q

bisect

/baɪˈsekt/

A

vt. 平分;二等分

vi. 横贯;一分为二

64
Q

slope

/sləʊp/

A

n. 斜坡,斜面;山坡;滑雪斜坡;斜度,坡度;(电子)斜率;扛枪姿势; 东方人(尤指越南人)
v. 倾斜,成斜坡;歪斜;悄悄地走,溜; 逛,随意走动

The climber traversed a long horizontal crack in the face of the mountain slope.
登山者横越山坡表面的水平裂缝。

65
Q

wistful

/ˈwɪstfl/

A

adj. 渴望的;沉思的,默想的;引起怀念的;不满足似的

A child stood looking with wistful eyes at the toys in the shop window.
小孩站在橱窗前看着里面的玩具,眼中流露出渴求的神情。

66
Q

yearning

/ˈjɜːrnɪŋ

A

adj. 渴望的
vi. 渴望;充满同情(yearn 的现在分词)
n. 渴望,向往

67
Q

longing

/ˈlɔːŋɪŋ/

A

adj. 渴望的,极想得到的
v. 渴望(long 的 ing 形式)
n. 渴望,热望;憧憬

68
Q

desirous

/dɪˈzaɪərəs/

A

adj. 想要的,渴望的

69
Q

blizzard

/ˈblɪzərd/

A

n. 暴风雪,大风雪;大打击
vi. 下暴风雪
n. (Blizzard)人名;(英)布利泽德

= snowstorm

70
Q

extirpate

/ˈekstərpeɪt/

A

v. 根除;彻底毁坏

71
Q

annihilate

/əˈnaɪəleɪt/

A

vt. 歼灭;战胜;废止

vi. 湮灭;湮没

72
Q

uproot

/ˌʌpˈruːt/

A

vt. 根除,连根拔起;迫使某人离开出生地或定居处

vi. 迁离;改变生活方式

73
Q

faint

/feɪnt/

A

adj. 模糊的,微弱的;微小的,可能性不大的;虚弱的,头晕目眩的;不热情的
n. 晕倒,昏厥
v. 昏厥;变得微弱,衰落;变得没有气力

74
Q

unsteady

/ʌnˈstedi/

A

adj. 不稳定的;不规则的;摇摆的;无常的
vt. 使不稳定;动摇

unsteady light = glimmer

75
Q

flicker

/ˈflɪkər/

A

v. 闪烁,摇曳;颤动;(情绪等)闪现;快速瞥视;扑动翅膀
n. 闪烁,闪光;霎时的感情(犹豫、激动等);抖动,颤动;(电影的)图像闪烁;微小动作;(鸟)扑翅鴷属
n. (Flicker)(美、澳、英)弗利克(人名)

76
Q

gleam

/ɡliːm/

A

v. 发微光,闪烁;显得光洁明亮;(眼睛)表露出,流露出;(因兴奋而眼睛)发光,发亮

n. 反光,闪光;微光,一丝光线;少量,一线;(情感等的)闪现;(指暂时还不能实现的)想法,愿望

77
Q

glimmer

/ˈɡlɪmər/

A

n. 微光;闪光;少许
vi. 闪烁;发微光

The doctor’s report gave us only a glimmer of hope.
医生的报告仅仅给了我们一丝希望。

78
Q

lump

/lʌmp/

A

n. (不定形的)块;(单独的)大量;肿块;方糖;
笨重的人,傻大个;个体劳动者

v. 把……归并在一起;无奈地接受,勉强同意;结块,起疙瘩;背负(重物)
adj. 成团的;总共的

On his desk, many articles and documents are always piled in a great lump.
他的桌上总是堆着一大堆东西和文件。

= block

79
Q

bump

/bʌmp/

A

v. (使身体部位等)碰上,撞上;
(无意地)碰,撞;颠簸行进;拖拽;挤出,挤掉;改变(广播或电视节目的时间)

n. 肿块;隆起,凸块;碰撞,撞击;轻微撞车事故;屁股向前扭动的性感动作;增加;绒布

80
Q

scour

/ˈskaʊər/

A

vi. 冲刷;擦;腹泻
vt. 擦亮,洗涤;冲洗,清除
n. 擦,冲刷;洗涤剂;(畜类等的)腹泻

81
Q

slash

/slæʃ/

A

v. (用利器)砍,劈;大幅度削减,大大降低;严厉批评,抨击;猛力移动,袭击

n. (用刀等)砍,劈;(长而窄的)伤口,砍痕;
斜杠,斜线号;

He slashed a path through the high grass with a long knife.
他用一把长刀在高高的草丛中开辟出一条小径。

= gash

82
Q

gash

/ɡæʃ/

A

vt. 划开;砍入很深;(使)负深伤

n. 很深的裂缝;砍得很深的伤口

83
Q

slump

/slʌmp/

A

v. 陷;猛然落下;(价格、价值、数量等)骤降,猛跌;惨败,猛跌;(因无力站立而)倒下,倚,靠;(肩或脑袋)耷拉着
n. (价格、销售额、利润等的)突然下跌;(经济的)不景气,萧条;(运动员或运动队的)低迷期

Our feet slumped repeatedly through the melting ice.
经过正在融化的冰时,我们的脚一再地陷下去。

84
Q

bulwark

/ˈbʊlwɜːrk/

A

n. 壁垒;保障;防波堤
vt. 保护;筑垒保卫

The soldiers kept their heads down behind the bulwark.
士兵们低着头,躲在堡垒的后面。

= safeguard

85
Q

dubious

/ˈduːbiəs/

A

adj. 可疑的,靠不住的;有疑虑的;
(荣誉、名声等)不好的,不光彩的;质量不佳的

She looked around this way and that in a dubious manner.
她用一种怀疑的态度审视四周。

= doubtful

86
Q

facet

/ˈfæsɪt/

A

n. (事情的)一面; 部分,方面;(宝石的)琢面,刻面;(构成昆虫或甲壳动物复眼的)小眼面
v. 在……上琢面

Selfishness was a facet of his character that we seldom saw before.
我们以前很少看到他个性中自私的一面。

= aspect

87
Q

heed

/hiːd/

A

n. 注意(到);留心(到)
vt. 注意,留心; vi. 注意,留心

For the first time he had to pay heed to his appearance, and in fact he became very well-dressed from then on.
那是他第一次不得不去注意自己的外表,而事实上从那时起他的穿着就考究起来了。

= attention

88
Q

heap

/hiːp/

A

n. (凌乱的)一堆;许多,大量;
破旧的汽车,老爷车

v. 堆积,堆放;对……大加赞扬(或指责等)

89
Q

mumble

/ˈmʌmbl/

A

vt. 嘟囔;咕哝;喃喃而言;含糊地说;抿着嘴嚼
vi. 含糊地说话

n. 含糊的话;咕噜

The old man mumbled something to me , but I could not understand him.
那老人向我咕哝了一些事,但是我听不懂他在说什么。

= murmur

90
Q

murmur

/ˈmɜːrmər/

A

v. 低声说;私下抱怨;发出轻柔持续的声音;交头接耳
n. 低语;低语声;低声抱怨;潺潺声

=mumble

91
Q

mutter

/ˈmʌtər/

A

v. 嘀咕,嘟囔;(私下)抱怨,发牢骚

n. 嘀咕,嘟囔;私下抱怨

92
Q

relic

/ˈrelɪk/

A

n. 遗物,遗迹,遗风;圣物,圣骨;
(事物存在或发生的)证据,痕记;
残留物,废墟(relics)

The ruined bridge is a relic of the Gulf War.
这座破败不堪的桥是海湾战争遗留下来的。

93
Q

wayfarer

/ˈweɪferər/

A

n. 旅人,徒步旅行者

The thirsty wayfarer was glad to find a fresh spring near the road.
口干舌燥的旅行者发现了路边的清泉,非常高兴。

= traveller

94
Q

wont

/wɔːnt/

A

n. 习惯,惯常活动
adj. 习惯于,惯常的
v. (使)习惯于

He always speaks with his mouth full of food; it is his wont.
他总是满嘴塞满食物就说话;这是他的习惯。

= habit

95
Q

bereaved

A

adj. (新近)丧失亲人的
n. [the ~] (新近)丧失亲人的人(们)
e. g. a bereaved mother 丧失了儿女的母亲.