刘毅10000 - Lesson 1 Flashcards
(95 cards)
Censure
/ˈsenʃər/
Censure is sometimes harder to bear than punishment.
v. 严厉斥责，正式谴责
n. 斥责，谴责
fortitude
/ˈfɔːrtɪtuːd/
n. 刚毅；不屈不挠；勇气
eradicate
/ɪˈrædɪkeɪt/
v. 根除，消灭
The new vaccine eradicated all traces of the disease within three months.
Yellow fever has been eradicated in the US but it still exists in some countries.
黄热病在美国已经绝迹，但在一些国家却依然存在。
= extirpate
barbarian
/bɑːrˈberiən/
The barbarians defiled the church by using it as a stable.
n. 野蛮人；未开化的人；无教养的人
adj. 野蛮的；未开化的
defile
/dɪˈfaɪl; ˈdiːfaɪl/
vt. [正式] 污损，污染, 亵渎, 弄脏
n. [正式] (尤指山中的）小路，峡道，隘路
The barbarians defiled the church by using it as a stable.
The children’s muddy shoes defiled all the rugs in the hotel.
孩子们沾满烂泥的鞋子弄脏了旅馆所有的地毯。
stable
/ˈsteɪbl/
n. 马厩；（属同一马主或驯马师的）一群赛马；（在同一地方工作或训练的）一批人，（同一公司生产的）系列产品；赛马训练场
v. 使（马）入廐，把（马）拴在马廐
adj. 稳定的，牢固的；稳重的，沉稳的；（化学结构或物理状态）稳定的
The barbarians defiled the church by using it as a stable.
shrine
/ʃraɪn/
n. 圣坛，神殿；圣地
e.g. Elvis’s home has become a shrine for his fans.
埃尔维斯的故居成了他的歌迷的圣地
bereave
/bɪˈriːv/
vt. 1. 使失去(希望、生命等）（of)
2. (死亡等）使丧失（亲人等）
The lost hinkers were bereft of hope when the rescue plane did not see them.
The children are bereaved by the death of their parents.
孩子们因丧父而成了孤儿.
= deprive
deprive
/dɪˈpraɪv/
vt. 1. 夺去，剥夺，使丧失；
2. 使不能享受，使不能做
e.g.
A lot of these children have been deprived of a normal home life.
这些孩子中有许多人被剥夺了正常的家庭生活。
He was deprived of his sight by the accident.
那次事故使他丧失了视力。
worrying deprived him of sleep.
担忧使他不能入睡。
deprived = 贫困的，穷苦的
a deprived childhood 贫苦的童年
consecrate
/ˈkaːnsɪkreɪt/
vt. 1. （举行特别宗教仪式）宣布将（某地或某建筑）奉为神圣
2. (基督教）使圣化，使变体（或就圣职等），给…祝圣
- 把…放着作祭祀用(to）
- 使神圣不可侵犯，把…视为神圣
- 奉献
This battlefield is consecrated to the memory of the soldiers who died here.
e.g. The bishop consecrated them to the service of God.
主教把它们留着供做礼拜用。
consecrate one’s life to the cause of peace.
献身于和平事业
= devote
groove
/ɡruːv/
n. 沟；槽；凹线；凹槽；（流行音乐的）节奏；驾轻就熟，得心应手；常规，习惯
v. 在……上开出沟（或槽等）；形成沟槽；欣赏音乐，跟着音乐起舞；出色地演奏（尤指节奏持续不变的）流行乐（或爵士乐）；过得快活；投（球）至最易击打的好球部位； 出色地进球得（分）
vi. 形成沟槽
Wheels left grooves in a muddy dirt road.
= furrow
furrow
/ˈfɜːroʊ/
n.
1. （人脸部，尤指前额的）皱纹
- （某物表面的）沟
- （田里的）犁沟
vi&vt. (尤指烦恼或生气时）（使脸部）起皱纹
vt. 犁；在…开出沟槽
e.g. There were furrows in the tarmac to drain off the rainwater.
柏油碎石路面上有许多排雨水的沟。
Her husband’s brows were furrowed in concentration .
她丈夫皱着眉头，神情专注。
a furrowed brow 皱紧的眉头
corrugation
/ˌkɔːrəˈɡeɪʃən/
n. 起皱；皱状；波纹成形; [铸]压瓦楞；[冶]（钢板的）波浪。
注：瓦楞纸那样的波纹。
corrugated cardboard 瓦楞纸板
rut
/rʌt/
n. 1. 车辙;
2. in a ~ (生活或工作)刻板而乏味的,一成不变的,
3. the ~ [术语]（雄性动物，尤指鹿的）发情期。
e. g.
I was stuck in a rut, and decided to look for a new job.
我干的都是老一套，所以决定找一份新工作。
jolt
/dʒəʊlt/
v. 使颠簸，使摇动； 猛推，搡；使震惊，使觉醒；使突然活跃（或有效）
n. 颠簸，摇晃；一阵强烈的感情（如震惊）；一份（烈酒）
The old car jolted its passengers badly as it went over the rough road.
= joggle
joggle
/ˈdʒaːɡl/
v. 轻微摇晃；（使）快速颠动；啮合
n. 啮合；摇动；榫接
obsolete
/ˈɒbsəliːt/
adj. 废弃的；老式的
n. 废词；陈腐的人
vt. 淘汰；废弃
Bowing to greet a lady is now an obsolete custom.
= antiquated
antiquated
/ˈæntɪkweɪtɪd/
adj. 过时的；陈旧的；年老的
v. 使古旧；废弃（antiquate 的过去分词）
antiquate
/’æntə,kwet/
v. 废弃，使……过时；使……具有古旧形式或风格
prowl
/praul/
v. (为寻觅、偷窃等）潜行；徘徊；搜寻
n. 徘徊，潜行；悄悄踱步；（动物）出动捕猎；四处搜寻（干某事的机会）
Many wild animals prowl at night looking for something to eat.
= rove
rove
/rəʊv/
v. 流浪于，漫游于；（眼睛）环顾，扫掠；粗纺；穿线；（用绳索）穿过（reeve的过去式和过去分词）
n. （尤指无具体目的地的）旅行，流浪；粗纱，准备好的纺线；（尤指造船用的）铆钉垫圈
n. （Rove）（美、澳、印、巴）罗夫（人名）
scoop
/skuːp/
v. 掘；挖；用勺舀；抱起；抢先报道；赢得；滑唱
n. 勺；铲子；一勺（的量）；独家新闻；最新消息；夸张的上滑音
The children scooped holes in the sand.
= shovel
shovel
/ˈʃʌvl/
n. 铁铲；一铲的量；铲车
vt. 铲除；用铲挖；把……胡乱塞入
vi. 铲
hearty
/ˈhɑːrti/
adj. 热情友好的；精力充沛的，强健的；丰盛的；真挚的，强烈的；假装热情友好的
n. 开朗活泼之人；好伙计
A good joke does not necessarily evoke a hearty laugh.
好笑话并不一定逗人大笑。
