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Economics > Migration > Flashcards

Migration Flashcards

1
Q

examples of push and pull factors for migration in the 19th century

A

wage gaps
friends and family
slavery (forced migration)

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2
Q

1/2 of all the world’s migrants live in the same (how many) countries

A

10

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3
Q

example of cluster phenomenon US

A

Cuban born in miami (25%)

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4
Q

how can assimilation be measured over time

A

wage gap

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5
Q

benefits of good assimilation of migrant communities

A

reduces strain on social services

lowers tension

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6
Q

within the USA people are migrating where

A

south and west eg austin, hueston,san fran

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7
Q

what can the USA migration to south and west be attributed to

A

widespread use of air conditioning makes working it 9-5 in hotter climates more bearabke

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8
Q

pros of migration for destination country

A 
more productive workforce
can reduce wages for business
can reduce cost of products and services
can bring ideas and global experience
better culture and diversity
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9
Q

cons of migartion for destination country

A

can lower wages
can add to crime - segregated societies
can burden tax payer
can overcrowd public goods

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10
Q

who’s wages are most effected when new migrants enter a country

A

previous migrants as they cluster into similar industries

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11
Q

opening all boarders would have what effect compared to opening all trade barriers

A

x2

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12
Q

key determinants of migration impact

A

effects of migrants departure on non migrants
elasticity of labour
source of production

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13
Q

what is brain drain

A

departure of skilled/talented people from a country

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14
Q

if the people leaving a country are the most productive people what effect will this have on the country being departed from

A

brain drain
political problems
less r+d

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15
Q

how do wages in the origin country change when many people emmigrate

A

increase(those who remain benefit)

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16
Q

which is a more important factor for productivity - where you are or who you are

A

where you are

17
Q

how does Ireland have soft power

A

many connections worldwide due to mass emmigration

18
Q

what are the 6 forces of migration

A 
gap in unskilled wages
demographic gap
future is low skilled employment
zombie/ghost cities
migrant networks
failure of restrictionism
19
Q

examples of countries with demographic gaps

A

japan
italy
germany

20
Q

do emerging economies tend to have similar demographic gaps to countries such as japan

A

no emerging economies tend to have younger

21
Q

effects of aging population

A

workforce getting smaller and more government spending on retirees

22
Q

old age dependency rate

A

retired pop / working + retired

23
Q

as the eurozone grows quite old, where will new productivity come from

A

peripherals of eurozone with younger demographic eg middle eastern countries

24
Q

what are the low skilled jobs in the future which are bound to be most popular and less likely to be automated

A

human centered occupations

eg nursing and care, retail, food services

25
Q

which types of jobs are dying out

A

routine jobs that can be automated

26
Q

what is a possible problem relating to the low employment levels in high skilled jobs

A

domestic workers could be competing with migrant workers for the low skilled but essential jobs - increased tension

27
Q

if labour supply is elastic will people be more or less liekly to migrate

A

more

28
Q

if labour supply is inelastic what can happen

A

people are locked in and entire cities/ towns can become unproductive - zombie cities

29
Q

example of zombie/ghost towns US

A

middle great plains as people migrate towards the coasts as there were no barriers to migrate
what was left is gohst towns

30
Q

how are migrant networks a factor that encourages migration

A

people had made strong family ties and settled in so plan to stay permenantly

31
Q

have migration barriers been successful in the past

A

no just encourages illegal smuggling and migration

32
Q

what is meant by perverse selection caused by migration barriers

A

only people in the most dire situations are willing to take the risk of coming

these people will not be the economically productive labour force the country is seeking

Economics (25 decks)

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