CSS

Question 1

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

selector, declaration block, declaration, property, value

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

Use a . followed by the desired class

Question 3

In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?

Answer 3

Use the name of the desired type

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

Use a # followed by the desired id

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

Answer 5

keywords (e.g. white, lightblue), RGB values, and hex code

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

border, margin, padding

Question 7

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

margin

Question 8

Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

padding

Question 9

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 9

A keyword added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s) (e.g. :hover allows css to alter an element when the cursor is hovering over the element)

Question 10

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

They allow you to apply styles to objects based on external factors, such as user interaction (e.g. :hover) and navigation history (e.g. :visited); generally simplifies code

Question 11

Name at least two units of type size in CSS.

Answer 11

px, %, rem

Question 12

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

font-family

Question 13

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

row

Question 14

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

no-wrap

Question 15

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 15

They are block elements

Question 16

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 16

row

Question 17

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 17

static

Question 18

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 18

The document will continue to flow as usual

Question 19

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 19

The element will appear offset relative to it’s position in normal flow

Question 20

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 20

The document will ignore the element, flowing as if the element was not there

Question 21

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 21

The element will appear offset relative to the first non-static parent element, and will be unaffected by the position of other elements

Question 22

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 22

Change the containing block’s position property to anything besides static

Question 23

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 23

top, bottom, right, left

Question 24

What are the four components of “the Cascade”.

Answer 24

source order, inheritance, specificity, !important

Question 25

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 25

The order that a CSS styling appears on a stylesheet

Question 26

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

Answer 26

The child element can inherit the the styles of the parent

Question 27

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 27

type, class, id

Question 28

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 28

It should be reserved only for the most specific cases since it overrides all other levels of specificity

Question 29

What does the transform property do?

Answer 29

Applies a geometric transformation to an element

Question 30

Give four examples of CSS transform functions.

Answer 30

translate, rotate, scale, skew, matrix

Question 31

The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

Answer 31

transition property, duration, delay, timing-function

Question 32

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.

Answer 32

width, height, orientation, aspect-ratio, resolution, hover

Question 33

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

Answer 33

meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width, initial-scale=1”

Question 34

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

Answer 34

A point in the viewport dimensions where the styling starts to “break”, looking disjointed or awkward; it is usually when you apply different styling to your page

Question 35

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

Answer 35

The styling is more responsive to various viewport sizes

Question 36

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?

Answer 36

source-order; since it comes later in the style sheet, it will overrule the min-width style that came earlier because they have the same specificity