Successes and Failures of Collectivization

Question 1

1. What % of Soviet farms were collectivized by 1941?
2. How many tonnes of grain had the govt procured by 1933?
3. Grain exports rose from __ tonnes in 1928 to __ tonnes in 1931.
4. What % of Russians lived in cities by 1939?
   - What was this compared to 1926?
5. Which 2 areas was Party Control forced on?
   - What did this help the CP to do?

Answer 1

1. 99%.
2. 23 million.
3. Under 1m in 1928 to 5m in 1931.
4. 34%.
   - 17%.
5. Nationalist groups & anti-communist peasant population.
   - Secure their power.

Question 2

1. How did the peasants respond to Grain Requisitioning and Collectivization? (3)
2. How many horses were destroyed?
   - How many cattle were destroyed?
3. How did Stalin punish Ukrainian farmers after their resistance to collectivization and failure to meet govt targets?
   - What did this lead to? (3)
4. How many people were killed in the Kazakh Catastrophe?

Answer 2

1. By destroying their crops, animals and machinery.
2. 17 million.
   - 26 million.
3. By seizing their grain and livestock.
   - A govt-made famine between 1932 and 33 which led to 5 million deaths.
4. Aprox. 1 million.

Question 3

1. Harvests declined from a pre-war high of ___ tonnes to ___ tonnes in 1945?
2. What % did bread rations fall by during WW2?
   - What % did potato rations fall by during WW2?
3. How many more kilos/hectare did private farms produce compared to collective farms?

Answer 3

1. 96 million tonnes - 47 million tonnes in 1945.
2. 40%.
   - 80%.
3. 90 kilos/hectare more.