Unit 1.8 - Energy Systems

Question 1

Describe the respiratory events that occur in anaerobic conditions?

Answer 1

• During vigourous exercise the muscle cells do not get sufficient oxygen to support the electron transport chain
• Under these conditions the cells respire anaerobically pyruvate is converted to lactate.
• This conversion involves the transfer of hydrogen irons from the NADH produced during glycolysis to pyruvate to produce lactate
• This regenerates there in a NAD needed to maintain ATP production through glycolysis
• Lactates accumulates in muscle causing fatigue
• The oxygen debt is repaid when exercise is complete allowing respiration to provide the energy to convert lactate acid back to pyruvate and glucose in the liver

Question 2

What are the types of activities for fast and slow twitch fibres?

Answer 2

Fast twitch - Strength and speed

Slow twitch - Stamina and endurance

Question 3

What is the blood supply like in fast and slow twitch fibres?

Answer 3

Fast twitch - free blood vessels

Slow twitch - many blood vessels

Question 4

How is energy released in fast and slow twitch fibres?

Answer 4

Slow twitch - large amounts slowly

Fast twitch - small amounts quickly

Question 5

What is the number of mitochondria like in fast and slow twitch fibres?

Answer 5

Fast twitch - fewer

Slow twitch - more

Question 6

What is the number of myoglobin like for fast twitch compared to slow twitch?

Answer 6

Fast twitch - less

Slow twitch - more

Question 7

What type of respiration is in fast and slow twitch fibres?

Answer 7

Fast twitch - anaerobic respiration

Slow twitch - aerobic respiration

Question 8

Where is the fuel stored in fast and slow twitch fibres?

Answer 8

Slow twitch - fats

Fast twitch - Glycogen