10.1 Reaction Rates Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the rate of a chemical reaction?
How fast a reactant is being used up, or how fast a product is being formed
How do you calculate the rate of a chemical reaction?
Change in concentration / time
Why is RoR fastest at the start of a reaction?
Because each reactant is at its highest concentration
Why does RoR slow down as a reaction continues?
Because the reactants are being used up, so their concentration is decreasing
What is collision theory?
Two reacting particles must collide for a reaction to occur, and must be in the correct orientation, and have sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy of the reaction
What factors affect the RoR?
-Temperature
-Concentration
-Pressure
-Surface area
-Presence of a catalyst
How does a catalyst increase RoR?
Lowers activation energy, providing a new reaction pathway, so more particles over activation energy, so the RoR is increased.
What conditions have to be met for a collision to be effective?
-Particles collide with correct orientation
-Particles have sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy barrier of the reaction
How can you follow the progress of a chemical reaction?
Monitoring the removal of a reactant, or formation of a product.
How can you monitor the volume of gas produced?
Use a gas syringe, water displacement, gas jar/tube
