101 Years Flashcards
(18 cards)
1775
On 10 November 1775 the marine corps was created in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at Tun Tavern by a Resolution of the Continental Congress which raised 2 battalions of Marines. Captain Samuel Nicholas became the commander of these 2 battalions and is traditionally known as the first Commandant of the Marine Corps
1776
The first Marine landing took place during the Revolutionary War. Marines invaded the New Providence island in the Bahamas and seized guns and supplies. The uniform of the day had a stiff leather Stock that was worn around the neck thus the nickname “Leatherneck”
1805
Marines stormed the Barbary Pirates stronghold at Burma on “The shores of Tripoli.” Marines raised the Stars and Stripes for the first time in the Eastern Hemisphere
1834
The Marine Corps was Organized under the Department of the Navy
1847
During the Mexican War Marines occupied the Halls of Montezuma during the battle of Chapultepec in Mexico City. The Royal Palace fell due to invading marines who were amongst the first U.S. troops to enter the Capital. Marines also helped take California.
1859
Under the command of Colonel Robert E. Lee U.S. Army Marines stormed the United States Arsenal at Harper’s Ferry to put down the attempted Slave revolt that was led by the Abolitionist John Brown
1868
The Marine Corps adopted an emblem that consisted of an Eagle, a Globe,
and an Anchor. Brigadier General Jacob Zeilin, 7th Commandant, modified
the British (Royai) Marine emblem to depict the Marines as both American
and maritime.
The globe and anchor signify woridwide service and sea traditions.
The spread eagle is a symbol of the Nation itset.
1883
The official motto of the Marine Corps., “Semper Fidelis, (Latin for “Always
Faithful) was adopted. The phrase is more commonly heard as its abbreviation, ‘Semper Fi.
1900
In support of foreign policy Marines from ships on the Asiatic station defended the American Legation in Peking, China during the Boxer Rebellion. The Marines were part of a multinational defense force that protected the Legation Quarter against attack. This small defense force held out against the Boxers until a relief force was able to reach Peking
and end the rebellion
1912
The Marine Corps established its Aviation Unit. Marine Major, Alfred A. Cunningham was the first pilot. His first solo flight (1stLt at the time) occurred on 1 August 1912.
1917
Marines landed in France as part of an American force. These marines participated in 8 distinct operations distinguishing themselves and were awarded multiple decorations and awards with the French Fourragere; which is still worn by members of 5th and 6th marines
1933
The Marine corps was reorganized into the Fleet Marine Force formally establishing the “command and administration” between the Fleet and the Marines
1965
Marines landed in South Vietnam and conducted numerous Large Scale Offensive Operations throughout the course of the war, as well as participated in the Pacifcation Program which was designed to win the support local populace
In response to an attempted coup of the local government Marines landed in the Dominican Republic to evacuate and protect U.S. Citizens. The marines formed the core of a Multinational force that quickly restored the peace.
1982
Marines landed in Beirut Lebanon as part of a Multinational Peace Keeping Force in effort to restore peace and order. This action further displayed the Marine concept of a “Force in Readiness.”
1983
On 23 October 1983 there was a Suicide truck bombing attack on the building acting as 1st Battalion 8th Marines Barracks, this action killed 241 marines and injuring 70 others. The last Marine unit withdrew in July of 1984
1991
Operation Desert Storm was launched after the Iraqi government invaded Kuwait and refused to comply with the regulations of the United Nations demanding their withdrawal. Marine Aviation was heavily used during the air phase which commenced in January of 1991. After heavy bombing failed to dislodge the Iraqi forces Marine ground units swept into Kuwait and liberated the country, causing sever damage to the Iraqi military capability
2001
On September 11 2001. Terrorist attacks were carried out in New York City. Two civilian airline planes were hijacked and flew into the World Trade Center.
Operation Enduring freedom is the official name used by the U.S. Government for the war in Afghanistan, together with 3 smaller military actions, under the umbrella of the Global War on Terrorism.
On 7 October 2001, early combat operations including a mix of strikes from Land based- B-1 Lancers, B-2 spirits and B-52 StratoFortress bombers
Carrier Based- F-14 Tomcat and F/A-18 Hornet fighters; and Tomohawk cruise missiles launched from both U.S. and British ships and submarines signaled the start of Operation Enduring Freedom.
2003
The invasion of Iraq from 20 March to 1 May of 2003 was led by The United States, alongside the United Kingdom and smaller contingents from Australia and Poland. Four countries participated with troops during the initial invasion phase.
