Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PROPERTY281 Test 2 > L15: Green Buildings > Flashcards

L15: Green Buildings Flashcards

1
Q

What are the broad areas focussed on by green buildings?

A
  1. Sustainable site planning
  2. Water efficiency
  3. Energy efficiency
  4. Conservation of materials
  5. Indoor air quality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 7 principles of sustainable construction?

A
  1. Reduce resource consumption
  2. Reuse resources
  3. Use recyclable resources
  4. Protect nature
  5. Eliminate toxins
  6. Apply life-cycle costing
  7. Focus on quality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What percentage of solid waste is from construction activities?

A

30% (even though most materials are completely recyclable)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What percentage of generated electricity is consumed by buildings?

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How should materials be evaluated?

A

Based on their lifecycle impact (extraction, transport, manufacturing, installation, operation, disposal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the ultimate aim of a resource-conscious design?

A

Minimise natural resource consumption and impact on ecosystems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the material selection objectives?

A

Closing material loops (keep in productive use rather than dispose)
Eliminating emissions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is sustainable land use and what is land recycling?

A

Undeveloped land considered precious resources and focus should be placed on better reuse of already developed areas (land recycling)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three kinds of land development?

A

Greenfield - little or not development
Brownfield - abandoned/underused facility where expansion/redevelopment has real or perceived environmental contamination
Grayfield - bare/developed land in economically depressed area with no real or perceived environmental damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the three general approaches to energy conservation in buildings?

A
  1. Envelope resistant to heat transfer
  2. Use renewable energy sources
  3. Implement passive design solutions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does level of green impact a building?

A

Promotes green buildings
Public statement
Higher market value (lower operating costs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 6 LEED standards?

A 
NC - new construction
CS - core and shell projects (tenants do interior fitouts)
EB - existing building
CI - commercial interiors
H - homes
ND - neighbourhood development
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How many preqrequisites are there for LEED NC?

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 5 sections points are awarded for in LEED?

A 
Sustainable sites
Water efficiency
Energy and atmosphere
Materials and resources
Indoor environment quality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the bonus points available in LEED?

A

Innovation and design process

Strategies that address regional environmental issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the LEED ratings?

A 
Platinum - 80+
Gold - 60-79
Silver - 50-59
Certified 40-49
No rating - Less than 40
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the levels of accredited professional training for LEED?

A

Green Associate
AP with speciality
AP fellow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How does NZ Green star work?

A

Assesses environmental impact of building over nine assessment categories with highest weighting on energy (25%) and indoor environment quality (20%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are three prerequisites for NZ Green star?

A

Ventilation meets building code
Energy use max of 105kWh/m2
Land not of high ecological value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many points must a building have to be eligible for formal green star certification?

A

45 points (4/5/6 stars)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What professional training is available for NZ Green Star?

A

Practitioner
Accredited professional
Residential Homestar Training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the phases of a green building project?

A
  1. Select project team
  2. Conduct charrette
  3. Design project
  4. Construct building
  5. Final commissioning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a charrette and what are the three steps?

A

Meeting with everyone involved to set goals and design

  1. Educate all participants on owner’s/green requirements
  2. Review program
  3. Lay out goals
24
Q

How does eco-design differ from conventional?

A

Design charrette before sketch design begins
Use of energy and daylighting models
Performance based fees

25
Q

What are energy and daylighting models

A

Used to test impacts of orientation etc. rather than using calculations

26
Q

What are performance based fees?

A

Bonuses; incentives for design professionals to achieve green goals

27
Q

What is the project delivery method for green buildings?

A

CMR

28
Q

What are green roofs (eco-roofs)

A

Conventional roof with grass area constructed on top

Living roof –> growing medium –> drainage mat –> roof barrier –> waterproofing membrane –> roof deck

29
Q

How do eco roofs effect building energy costs and storm runoff?

A

Reduces by 10%

Reduces by 90%

30
Q

What are the two types of eco-roofs?

A

Extensive - low maintenance, can be placed on roofs with up to 40% slope

Intensive - elaborate, more complex, higher initial cost and maintenance

31
Q

What is an urban heat island?

A

Caused by replacing vegetation with paving and buildings causing temperatures in central cities to rise by 1-5 degrees C

32
Q

How can the effects of heat islands be mitigated?

A

Highly reflective and emissive roofs

Plant shade trees near buildings

33
Q

How is alternative transportation achieved

A

Public transport access
Bicycle storage and changing rooms (for at least 5% of occupants)
Recharge points
Reduce parking capacity

34
Q

How should building envelopes be developed?

A

Minimised U-value to resist heat transfer
Locate insulation closer to outside to minimise thermal loads entering building

Glass - double glazing with low-e coatings to balance visible light and heat

Roof - light colour

35
Q

Why is the limitation of glass areas on facade necessary in green buildings?

A

Because windows have high u-values

36
Q

What percentage of building energy is consumed by chillers?

A

23%

37
Q

How should HVAC systems operate?

A

Use power at off peak times to make ice; store and use to cool during peak hours

38
Q

What are innovative energy optimisations?

A

Radiant cooling - circulate water instead of air (saves 25% lifecycle cost and only requires 5% energy of air)

Chilled beam - passive air-water systems similar to fan coil units and often integrated with light

Ground coupling - using stable ground to heat/cool; pipe inserted and water exchanges heat with ground

39
Q

What renewable energy sources can be used?

A

Building integrated photovoltaics - semiconductor cells that convert sunlight into electricity and are integrated directly into building materials

Wind energy - vertical or horizontal

40
Q

What are water supply strategies?

A

Low-flow fixtures
Rainwater harvesting
Graywater systems

41
Q

What is rainwater harvesting?

A

Catchment area –> roof wash system (removes pollutants) –> pre storage filtration (keeps large particles out) –> rainwater conveyance (gutters to cistern - storage tank which keeps light out) –> water treatment (potable water filtered and treated)

42
Q

What is graywater?

A

Wastewater from bath sinks, showers etc. reused for flushing toilets and irrigation

43
Q

What is blackwater?

A

Water from toilets, kitchen sinks etc.

44
Q

What is a wastewater strategy?

A

Constructed (manmade) wetlands - using nature to perform water treatment

45
Q

What is building commissioning?

A

To provide documented confirmation that building systems comply
(prerequisite for LEED)

46
Q

What are the 5 steps of commissioning?

A 
Predesign
Design
Construction
Acceptance
Post-acceptance (maintenance)
47
Q

What is a CA?

A

Commissioning Authority - third party advisor to owner

48
Q

What does commissioning typically focus on?

A

HVAC

49
Q

What are the benefits of commissioning?

A 
Energy efficient - 5-10% reduced operating costs
Increased productivity (IAQ)
Better CDs
Fewer failures
Complete documentation
50
Q

What are the costs of commissioning?

A

Depends on size, complexity, scope

Innovative buildings typically more complex

51
Q

What are economic effects of going green?

A

Mostly intangible benefits; productivity and image

But also have higher rents and occupancy rate

52
Q

What did the NABERS Australia rent premiums study find?

A

Energy efficiency does not impact rent but it increases investment

53
Q

What did studies find was the perceived costs premium for green buildings compared to conventional buildings?

A

Respondents generally thought green buildings would cost more
(Reality does not match perception)

54
Q

What did the study on actual cost premiums find in the comparison between buildings with 4, 5, and 6 stars?

A

No statistical difference

55
Q

How should economic analysis be conducted?

A

Life-cycle cost - will typically have higher initial cost but will have direct/indirect benefits over time
Do NOT include abstract benefits

56
Q

What is the simple payback periods for added systems?

A

How long it takes in savings to get back initial investment; typically 0.8 to 8.8 years

57
Q

How should it be economically decided whether to have a green building?

A

Through NPV of additional costs and life cycle savings

consider green costs for enhancements, reduced OPEX, rent/occupancy rate, value at sale

PROPERTY281 Test 2 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions