Endocrine, bone, liver Disorders

Question 1

Addison’s Disease

Answer 1

Adrenal glands underproduce cortisol.
hyper-pigmentation
muscle wasting (asthenia)

Question 2

Cushing’s syndrome

Answer 2

oversecretion of cortisol by adrenal cortex.
can also be from long term steroid use.
moon face, truncal obesity, facial hair, ruddy.

Question 3

Hypothyroidism

Answer 3

TSH is elevated on blood labs.
Cold intolerance, fatigue/lethargy, headaches,
weight gain, peripheral edema, brittle nails/hair.
peripheral neuropthy and proximal weakness.

Question 4

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 4

Grave’s disease. TSH is low on blood labs.
Can result form iodine insufficiency.
tachycardia, sweating, heat intolerance, increased apetite, weight loss, anxiety, goiter, bulging eyes (exopthalmia).

Question 5

parathyriod glands

Answer 5

regulate calcium/phosphorous.
Hypo: muscle twitching/chvosteks sign
Hyper: weakness/arthralgia

Question 6

osteomalacia and pagets disease

Answer 6

osteomalacia is adult ricketts resulting form vit D deficiency.
Pagets is haphazard bone resorption/formation resulting in bowing of long bones.

Question 7

Bilateral carpal tunnel symptoms and rhabdomyelosis are potential manifestations of…

Answer 7

Liver disease

Question 8

hepatitis types/transmission

Answer 8

A and E are fecal contamination.

Others are bloodborne.

Question 9

symptoms of cholecystitis

Answer 9

sudden excruciating pain with referral to mid back and right shoulder with exacerbation of symptoms after eating. Pain and nausea 1-3 hours after eating is indicative of gall stones.

Question 10

McBurney’s point

Answer 10

Indicative of appendicitis. Between R umbilicus and R ASIS. Exquisite pain/tenderness.