1. Quality Use of Medicines (QUM) Flashcards
What is QUM?
Quality use of Medicines = QUM is one of the central objectives of Australia’s national medicines policy
Principles of QUM?
• QUM means
o Selecting management options wisely
o Choosing suitable medicines if a medicine is considered necessary and
o Using medicines safely and effectively
• The goal of the national strategy for QUM is to make the best possible use of medicines to improve health outcomes for all Australians
5 Rights of medicine Administration
• Right patient
• Right drug
• Right dose
• Right route
• Right time
• Additional
o Right documentation, Right reason, Right responseName the three drug information sources?
- AMH - Australian Medical Handbook
- MIMS
- eTG
Difference between drug information sources?
AMH
- monographs are on generic names
- o Relevant adverse effects
o Includes practice points
o Does not include pharmacokinetic parameters
o Used in clinical setting
MIMS
o Monographs are on product level/brand name
o Difficult to know what monograph to choose
o Need to look at each brand separately
o What the tablet looks like
o Drug interaction tool
o CMIs
o Provided by manufacturer
eTG
o Don’t have drug monographs
o Provides guidelines for management of a range of conditions
o Based on latest available international literature interpreted
What is CMI?
Consumer Medicines information
= leaflet that contains information on the safe and effective use of a prescription medicine.
- Written by the manufacturer of drug - Designed for consumer
Difference between CM and AMH information?
CMI
- Brand names
- Straight forward information with instructions on what to do before and after medication
- Consumer orientated with easier language to be able to understand
AMH
- Designed for administrator to understand what the drug does and how it works
- With harder language
Why might you need to modify a dosage form for administration to patient?
– Children/ Elderly
– Motor neuron and neurological diseases
– Loss of tongue muscles
– Stroke
– NBM – post operative or unconscious
– Unable to coordinate injections or injections
– Tubes in nose or mouth
Ways to modify medication?
– Oral dosage forms
o Crushing
o Dissolving
o Dispersing
– Injections
o Change site
o Change administration type
– Creams and ointment
– Patches (Can’t cut them or modify them)
5 potential issues modifying dosage forms?
– Increase risk of adverse effects.
– Result in treatment failure
– Altered absorption characteristics
o Cannot crush slow release tablets – will lead to over dose as they will get too much at once
– Altered medication stability
– Failure to reach site of actionDifference between generic and Brand name?
Generic - name of the drug within the medication
Brand - name given buy the manufacture
Prefix or Suffix
Gli -
Drug class - Sulfonylureas
Indication - Diabetes
Mechanism of action - increase pancreatic insulin and secretion
E.g. Gliclazide
Prefix or Suffix
-sartan
Drug class - angiotensin II receptor antagonists
Indication - hypertension
Mechanics of action - Block binding of angiotensin II
e.g. candersartan, eprosartan
Prefix or Suffix
-azepam
drug class - Benzodiazepines
Indication - anxiety
Mechanism of action - Inhaibit GABA
e.g. Alprazolam
Bromazepam
Prefix or Suffix
-caine
drug class - Local anaesthetics
Indication - Minor, major nerve block
Mechanism of action - Sodium channel blockage = reduced nerve conduction
e.g. Bupivacaine
Levobupivacaine
Lidocaine
