Chapter 2

Question 1

EEF

Answer 1

Enterprise Environmental Factors

Question 2

OPA

Answer 2

Organizational Process Assets

Question 3

System

Answer 3

A system is a collection of various components that together can produce results not obtainable by individual components alone

Question 4

Component

Answer 4

A component is an identifiable element within the project or organization that provides a particular function or a group of related functions.

Question 5

Principles regarding systems

Answer 5

1. Systems are dynamic
2. Systems can be optimized
3. System components can be optimized
4. System and their components cannot be optimized at the same time
5. Systems are non-linear in responsiveness (a change in input does not product a predictable change in the output.)

Question 6

Balanced Matrix Structure

Answer 6

An organization where organizational resources are pooled into one project team but functional managers & project managers share the power.

Question 7

Cultural Norms

Answer 7

Cultural Norms describe the culture and the styles of the organization. Cultural Norms such as work ethic, hours, view of authority, & shared values, can affect how the project is managed.

Question 8

Enterprise Environmental Factors

Answer 8

Conditions that affect how a project manager manages the project. Enterprise Environmental Factors may come from within the organization, such as policy, or they may be external to the organization such as law or regulations

Question 9

Functional Structure

Answer 9

An organization that is divided into functions, and each employee has one clear functional manager. Each department acts independently of the other departments. A project manager in this structure has little to no power and maybe called project coordinator.

Question 10

Governance Frameworks

Answer 10

Governance frameworks describes the rules, policies and procedures that people within the organization must abide by. Governance frameworks addresses the organization, but also address portfolios, programs and projects. Regarding portfolio, programs and projects, governance framework addresses alignment with organization’s vision, risk management, performance factors and communications.

Question 11

Hybrid Structure

Answer 11

An organization creates a blend of functional, matrix and project-oriented structures.

Question 12

Multidivisional Structure

Answer 12

Describe organizations that have duplication of effort within the organization, but not within the department or division of the organization. The project manager has little authority in this structure and the functional manager controls the project budget.

Question 13

Organic or Simple

Answer 13

Describes a loosely organized business or organization. There likely aren’t big formal departments and people work alongside each other regardless of roles and titles. The project manager has little control over the project resources and may not be called a project manager.

Question 14

Organizational Process Assets

Answer 14

Organizational Process Assets includes organizational processes, policies, procedures and items from corporate knowledge bases. Organizational Process Assets are grouped into two categories to consider: processes, policies and procedures and organizational knowledge bases.

Question 15

Organizational Knowledge Repositories

Answer 15

Organizational Knowledge Repositories are the databases, files and historical information that you can use to help better plan and manage your project. This is an organizational process asset created internally to your organization through the ongoing work of operations and other projects.

Question 16

Organizational System

Answer 16

A system can create things by working with multiple components that the individual components could not create if they worked alone. The structure of the organization and the governance framework creates constraints that affect how the project manager makes decisions within the project. The organization system directly affects how the project manager uses his power, influence, leadership and even political capital, to get things done in the environment.

Question 17

Project-oriented Structure

Answer 17

An organization that assigns a project team to one project for the duration of the project life cycle. The project manager has high-to-almost-complete project power.

Question 18

Strong Matrix Structure

Answer 18

An organization where the organizational resources are pooled into one project team, but the functional managers have less project power than the project managers.

Question 19

Virtual Structure

Answer 19

Uses a network structure to communicate and interact with other groups and departments. A point of contact exists for each department and these points of contact receive and send all messages for the department.

Question 20

Weak Matrix Structure

Answer 20

An organization where organizational resources are pooled into one project team, but the functional manager has more project power than the project manager.