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Neuroscience > Regional CNS > Flashcards

Regional CNS Flashcards

1
Q

CNS cortex includes

A 
•	Cerebral Hemispheres
•	Diencephalon
•	Cerebellum
•	Brainstem
   	   Midbrain
	   Pons
	   Medulla
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2
Q 
brain directions equivalent to 
superior
inferior
anterior
posterior
A 
sup = dorsal
inf = ventral
ant = rostral
post = caudal
only pertains to brain not stem or cerebellum
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3
Q

forebrain

A

prosencephalon

  • telencephalon (brian hemi)
  • diencephalon (thalamus, ect_
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4
Q

midbrain

A

mesencephalon

top of brainstem

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5
Q

hindbrain

A

rhombencephalon

  • metencephalon (pons)
  • myelencephalon (medulla)
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6
Q

Gray matter

A

cell bodies

nuclei - local accumulation of neurons
cortices - sheet like array of nerve cells
ganglia - number of neurons linked together

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7
Q

white matter

A

neuron axons
bundles of axons (majority of signal transmission)

myelin of gives it white appearance

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8
Q

arachnoid mater protects

A

shear force

aids in CNS circulaiton

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9
Q

dura mater protects

A

blunt force

limits rotational displacement

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10
Q

anterior fossa contains

A

frontal lobe

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11
Q

middle fossa contains

A

temporal

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12
Q

posterior fossa contains

A

cerebellum brainstem

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13
Q

meningeal dura mater

falx cerebri does what

A

separate left from right

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14
Q

meningeal dura mater

tentorium

A

sperats occipital lobe in the back from cerebellum

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15
Q

arachnoid villi

A

projections of arachnoid mater into dura for CSF transport

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16
Q

pia mater

A
  • aids in CSF production
  • highly vascular
  • increases efficiency of BBB
  • contributes to degradation of neurotransmitter
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17
Q

CSF composed of

A

alkaline fluid of H2O, glucose, proteins, electrolytes and more

18
Q

CSF is secreted by

A

choroid plexus (ventricles) formed by ependymal cells

19
Q

Function of CSF

A

support and protect
pressure maintenance
nutrition
waste removal

20
Q

arachnoid granulation do to CSF

A

reabsorb and send to dural sinuses and then to blood

21
Q

Areas of the brain that do not have BBB

A

posterior pituitary

pineal gland

hypothalamus (part)

22
Q

How to astrocytes help in the BBB

A

hlep further barricade these jxns

23
Q

Frontal Lobe does what

A

prefrontal cortex: higher executive function

primary motor cortex

frontal eye fields: coordination of eye mvms, conjugate gaze

broca’s area (right side for the most ppl) - language

24
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Primary somatosensory cortex

perceptual integration (left side in most)

visual and auditory integration (sup and inf lobules)

wernicke’s area (right in most) (inf lobule) - supplemental speech area - speech comprehension

25
Q

temporal Lobe

A

primary auditory (superior temporal)

visual processing (middle temporal)

memory (parahippocampal, uncus, inferior temporal)

26
Q

Occipital lobe

A

VISION

occipital pole receives blood from PCA and deep MCA

27
Q

Homunculus referes to what

A

somatotopic organization

precentral and postcentral cortex?

28
Q

Unimodal

A

complex mvmts

all major cortex’s (motor, somatosensory, visual auditory)

29
Q

heteromodal

A

highest order mental functions

bidirectional connection - motor sensory limbic

30
Q

left side

A

“math side”
analytical
logic
language

31
Q

right hemisphere

A 
"artistic"
perceptual
imagination
insight
intuition
creativity
emotional
32
Q

copus callosum

A

major commissural tracts

33
Q

Insula

A

thought to be concerned with sensory input for visceral autonomic fx

somatic processing and pain

taste smell

34
Q

Limbic Cortex

A

Emotion

contains components of frontal parietal temporal

35
Q

thalamus

A

Relay station for sensory

refines motor outputs

36
Q

hypothalamus

A

homeostasis
crucial autonomic system
important limbic

37
Q

epithalamus

A 
houses pineal gland 
- melatonin production
habenular nuclei
- emotional response to smell
3rd ventricle (choroid plexus found here)
38
Q

Basal ganglia

A

group of structures involved in complex network influencing motor drive

mvmt initiation
execution
refinement

cognitive and emotional functions

39
Q

cerebellum

A

little brain

movement coordination, posture, motor learning, control, muscle tone

40
Q

brainstem

A

midbrain, pons, medulla

Neuroscience (5 decks)

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