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Med Sure 2 Exam 2 > Cirrhosis > Flashcards

Cirrhosis Flashcards

1
Q

Etiology of Cirrhosis

A 
Hep c & alcohol
Extreme dieting
Genetic 
Malabsportion
Obesity
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2
Q

Early manifestations o

A

fatigue

enlarged liver

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3
Q

Blood tests may be normal liver function

A

compensated cirrhosis

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4
Q

Late manifestations

A

Results from liver failure & portal hypertension

Jaundice
peripheral edema
Ascites 
skin lesions
hematologic problems
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5
Q

Due to increase in circulating estrogen due to inability of liver to metabolize steroid hormones

A

Skin lesions

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6
Q

Skin lesions

A
  • Spider angiomas* (telangiectasia or spider nevi)

* Palmar erythema*

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7
Q

Common finding in alcoholic cirrhosis

A

Peripheral neuropathy

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8
Q

Sensory and motor symptoms

A

Asterixis: pts have hard time maintaining position

Hepatic Encephalopathy

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9
Q

In men

A

gynecomastia

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10
Q

In women

A

amenorrhea or vaginal bleeding

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11
Q

Diagnostic studies

A 
LIVER BIOPSY 
Liver enzyme tests
Alkaline phosphatase
AST
ALT
GGT
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12
Q

Diagnostic studies elevated:

A

serum bilirubin

Globulin levels

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13
Q

Diagnostic studies decreased:

A

Cholesterol levels

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14
Q

Complications of cirrhosis

A

Portal HTN

Esophageal & Gastric varies

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15
Q

Mechanical compression of varices (thru nose or mouth)

A

Balloon Tamponade

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16
Q

Balloon tamponade care

A
  1. Explanation of procedure, Check for patency

2. Position of balloon verified by x-ray

17
Q

Renal failure with azotemia, oliguria, and intractable ascites

A

Hepatorenal Syndrome

18
Q

Hepatorenal Syndrome treat with

A

liver transplantation

19
Q

Ascites treatment

A

c. Sodium restriction
d. Diuretics, fluid removal
e. Albumin
f. Paracentesis Accurate I/O recording
g. Daily weight measurement
h. Extremities measurement
i. Abdominal girth measurement

20
Q

Neurotoxic effects of ammonia

A

Hepatic Encephalopathy

21
Q

Hepatic Encephalopathy symptoms

A

Impaired consciousness
Inappropriate behavior
Sleep disturbances
trouble concentrated

22
Q

Hepatic Encephalopathy what is involved?

A

Asterixis (flapping tremors)
Imparment in writing
Fector hepaticas (musty, sweet odor of breath)

23
Q

Treatment of a. Hepatic encephalopathy

A 
safety
Reduce ammonia
Lower dietary protein intake
control GI bleeding
Remove blood from GI tract
24
Q

Nursing Management (encephalopathy)

A

Neuro check every 2 hrs

Monitor LOC prevent constipation encourage fluids

Med Sure 2 Exam 2 (11 decks)

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