Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

R - Y2 Anatomy (Megan) > Upper Limb 2 > Flashcards

Upper Limb 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial anterior forearm?

A

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the muscles of the intermediate anterior forearm?

A

The flexor digitorum superficialis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which muscles attach to the common flexor tendon on the medial epicondyle?

A

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnarus, flexor digitorum superficialis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many people have an absent palmaris longus?

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the action of pronator teres?

A

Pronation of the wrist (pulls radial head above the ulnar bone) + elbow flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the action of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

flexion of the wrist, ulnar deviation of the wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the action of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Flexion of the wrist and radial deviation of the wrist.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What muscles of the forearm does the median nerve supply?

A

pronator teres, palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What muscle of the forearm does the ulnar nerve supply?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens to the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

there is 4 tendons, these split into 2, passing round the back of the phalanx making a tunnel for flexor digitorum profundus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where do the two heads of flexor digitorum superficialis arise from?

A

One arises from the radial head and ulna, one comes from the common flexor tendon - in between is where the median nerve and ulnar artery runs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where do the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis end?

A

They split into two and end on the lateral side of the middle phalanx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus end?

A

Stays as one and inserts onto the base of the distal phalanx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint and metacarpophalangeal joint and wrist joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Flexion of the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joints and wrist joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does the flexor digitorum profundus arise from?

A

the anterior and medial surface of the ulnar bone and interosseous membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which muscles does the flexor digitorum profundus muscles give rise to?

A

The lumbrical muscles of the hand.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of the brachoradialis muscle?

A

Flexion of the elbow in the mid-prone position - innervated by the radial nerve.
It flexes the arm against resistance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 3 deep muscles in the anterior forearm?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus and pronator quadratus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the median nerve supply?

A

All muscles in the anterior forearm apart from flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of flexor digitorum profundus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where does the median nerve come out and into the carpal tunnel?

A

It comes out of the flexor digitorum superficialis about 5cm from the wrist then enters the carpal tunnel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

which structures enter the carpal tunnel?

A

4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus, 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and 1 tendon of flexor pollicus longus + median nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which muscles cause ulnar deviation of the wrist?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris + extensor carpi ulnaris.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which muscles cause radial deviation of the wrist?

A

Flexor carpi radialis and extensor carpi radialis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which nerves supply the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

medial half - ulnar nerve.

lateral hald - median nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What muscles of the anterior forearm produce pronation?

A

Pronator teres and pronator quadratus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Where does the median nerve go after the cubital fossa?

A

In between the two heads of pronator teres.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What structure creates the carpal tunnel?

A

The flexor retinaculum.

29
Q

Where does the ulnar nerve go?

A

Between flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus.

30
Q

Which artery causes the superficial palmar arch?

A

The ulnar artery.

31
Q

Which artery creates the deep palmar arch?

A

The radial artery.

32
Q

Which carpal bones is the flexor retinaculum anchored to?

A

The scaphoid and trapezium - on lateral side.

The pisiform and hamate on the medial side.

33
Q

Which muscle is continuous with the palmar fascia?

A

The palmaris longus.

34
Q

What are the thenar muscles?

A

Abductor pollicis
flexor pollicis brevis
(deep to these are - opponens pollicis

(+ adductor pollicis - has 2 heads innervated by both median and ulnar nerve)

35
Q

What are the hypothenar muscles?

A

flexor digiti minimi brevis
abductor digiti minimi
Deep to these - opponens digiti minimi

36
Q

Where do the lumbricals arise from?

A

The tendons of flexor digitorum profundus.

37
Q

What do the interosseous muscles of the hand do?

A

Palmar - adduct

dorsal - abduct.

38
Q

What is the nerve supply to the thenar muscles?

A

Median nerve apart from deep belly of flexor pollicis braves (ulnar)

39
Q

Which muscles innervate the hypothenar muscles?

A

Ulnar nerve

40
Q

How many lumbrical muscles are there?

A

4 - arising from the medial and lateral parts of the flexor digitorum profundus tendons.

41
Q

What is the function of the lumbricals?

A

They flex the fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joint and extend the interphalangeal joints - of all fingers apart from the thumb.

42
Q

How are the lumbrical muscles innervated?

A

Medial two - ulnar nerve

lateral 2 - medial nerve

43
Q

What are the two heads of the adductor pollicis?

A

the transverse head

oblique head

44
Q

Which nerve innervates the adductor pollicis muscle?

A

Ulnar nerve.

45
Q

Where are the interossei muscles in relation to the lumbricals?

A

They are the deepest muscles in the hand - deep to the lumbricals.

46
Q

How many interossei muscles are there?

A

4 dorsal - abduction

3 palmar - adduction.

47
Q

Which nerve innervates the interossei muscles?

A

The ulnar nerve.

48
Q

Which muscles of the hand does the median nerve innervate?

A 
LOAF 
l - lateral 2 lumbricals
o - opponens pollicis 
A - abductor pollicis brevis
F - flexor pollicis brevis (superficial belly)
49
Q

What muscles of the hand does the ulnar nerve innervate?

A

All apart from the LOAF muscles (+ deep belly of flexor politic brevis).

50
Q

What sits between the ulna and the carpal bones?

A

The articular disc (fibrocartilage)

51
Q

What type of fluid is found between the carpal bones?

A

Synovial fluid

52
Q

What is the mnemonic for the carpal bones?

A 
So long the pinky, here comes the thumb. 
scaphoid
lunate
triquestral 
pisiform
hamate 
capitate
trapezoid
trapezium
53
Q

What are the main muscles of the posterior forearm?

A 
Extensor digiti minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris 
extensor digititorum
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis 
brachioradialis
Abductor pollicis longus 
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
Supinator
54
Q

What does the extensor digitorum run under?

A

An extensor retinaculum

55
Q

What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box?

A

Ulnar: extensor pollicus longus
Radial: extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus
floor - scaphoid and trapezium

56
Q

Which muscles cause ulnar deviation of the wrist?

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Flexor carpi ulnaris

57
Q

Which muscles cause radial deviation of the wrist?

A

flexor carpi radialis
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis

58
Q

Which part of the radial nerve supplies the muscles of the forearm?

A

The deep branch

59
Q

Which muscle does the radial nerve pierce?

A

The supinator muscle

60
Q

What are synovial cysts (ganglion)?

A

these are cysts that grow on the back of the synovial sheath

61
Q

What is the lateral continuation of the dorsal venous arch?

A

The cephalic vein

62
Q

What is the medial continuation of the dorsal venous arch?

A

The basilica vein

63
Q

Which artery runs via the anatomical snuffbox?

A

The radial artery

64
Q

What is a Colle’s fracture?

A

Fracture of the distal radius where it displaces anteriorly - falling onto an extended wrist

65
Q

What is a smiths fracture?

A

This is less common than a Colle’s fracture - theres posterior displacement of the radius - this is caused by falling onto a flexed wrist

66
Q

What is a scaphoid fracture?

A

Occurs in the elderly when falling onto an outstretched wrist. pain is felt on anatomical snuffbox palpation.

67
Q

What is a complication of a scaphoid fracture?

A

Avascular necrosis if theres malunion of the bone. theres only one small branch of the radial artery that enters via the thumb side.

68
Q

Which carpal bone is first to ossify?

A

The capitate bone

R - Y2 Anatomy (Megan) (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions