A13. Feeding and Nutrition of Dairy Cow in the different Phases of Lactation

Question 1

BCS at calving

Answer 1

Is prepeared before partuation, optimal btw 3 -3.5

Question 2

Phases of lactation and their characterisation:
Energy balance,
Change of BW,
Prerequisites of the successful reinsemination,
Period of setting up the optimal BCS

Answer 2

3 phases of lactation;
Early (0-100) peak 70-80d
Mid (100-200)
Late (200-305) until dry off

Question 3

1.st phase of lacation;
Energy balance,
Change of BW,

Answer 3

Day 0-100 (week 12-13)
- BW loss is around 0.8-1kg/day up till around 40kg are lost.

Energy intake
•	6.8-7.2 MJ NEl/kg DM
•	95-105g MP/kg DM
•	Min 15 to 17% CF. (to avoid ketosis)
•	17-18% CP
Protein balance
•	MPN – MPE = +100 -250 (max +300)

Question 4

2nd phase

Energy balance,
Change of BW,

Answer 4

Day 100-200 (week 13-28)

• BW is slowly coming back (anabolic)
• Lactation is dec.

Energy balance is 0 - +100 (zero or positive)
6.2-6.4MJ NEl/kg DM.
0 to +100
CF is at 18%

Question 5

3rd phase

Energy balance,
Change of BW,

Answer 5

Day 200-305 (week28–> until dry off)

5.8-6.0 MJ NEl/kg DM
Roughages ratio; around 40:60
Timing to restore BCS before drying of period

Question 6

Ca:P ratio

Answer 6

Maintance;
44 g Ca, 34 g P.

Lactation + main=
1 kg milk:
2.8 g Ca, 1.7 g P.

Question 7

Prerequisites of the successful reinsemination,

Answer 7

DAY 85 - insemination! (right after peak lacatation)

• Startet to regain lost BW,
• NEB (that the negative energy balance is turned to 0 or positive)

Question 8

Period of setting up the optimal BCS

Answer 8

3rd phase of the lacation

Question 9

Forage to concentrate ratio;

Types and daily amounts of feeds used, possible improvement of the energy supply

Answer 9

Phase 1; 
Low dry matter intake capacity  
Roughages should cover 40% of the energy 
Suppliments with fats
Aminogenic and glucogenic compunds