chapter 14 - alkenes Flashcards
What is the definition of structural isomerism
Molecules with the same molecular formula but a different structural formula.
What is the definition of stereo isomerism
Molecules with the same molecular and structural formulas but a different arrangement of the items in space
How does stereo E-Z isomerism form
The double carbon carbon bond has a restricted rotation of each carbon and this gives rise to geometric isomerism
What is E-isomerism
When the priority group is not on the same side
what is Z-isomerism
When the priority group is on the same side (Z same) zame
What is the definition of a position isomer
It has the same molecular formula but a different position of the functional group
What is the definition of a chain Isomer
It has the same molecular Formula but a different arrangement of the carbon chain
What is functional group isomerism
It has the same molecular formula but a different functional group
What is a sigma bond
A sigma bond Is where there are electrons between the two carbon atoms
what is a pi bond
A covalent bond where electrons are above and below the plane of the 6 central atoms. formed from an overlap of p orbitals on the C atoms.
How do you classify Cabocations
tertiary carbocations will have 3 R groups
secondary carbocations will have 2 R groups
a primary carbocation will have 1 R group
which carbocation is the most stable
tertiary is the most
secondary
primary is the least
why does having more R groups make a carbocation more stable?
R groups can donate electron density onto the positive carbon. making the cation more stable
where is the major product formed from in electrophillic addition
from the most stable carbocation
Where do the arrows go in an electrophilic addition mechanism (not sulfuric acid)
from the double bond onto the H or more + element.
from the middle of the H-Br bond for example onto the Br
from the middle of the lone pair on the bromine onto the most stable carbocation.
